In situ measurements of the the spectral transmission and backscattering of light was conducted on first year ice to characterise the optical properties of sea ice. The average scattering length and ...
The spatial spreading of light introduced at a point on the surface of the ice and the temporal spreading of a brief pulse of light injected at a point was measured to clarify the details of the interaction ...
The transparency of sea ice to UV radiation was measured to determine the effects of enhanced UV levels on Antarctic life. The under ice radiance is controlled by the transmission of the sea ice to ...