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NMML Killer Whale Vessel Suvey, Kodiak Island, 1992

Entry ID: seamap155

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Summary

Abstract: Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 2540
See the link below for public details on this project.

The hemispheric and regional atmospheric circulation influences the Southern Ocean in many and profound ways, including intense air-sea fluxes of momentum, energy, fresh water and dissolved gases. The Southern Ocean ventilates a large fraction of the world ocean and hence these influences are ... spread globally. We use the NCEP-2 reanalysis dataset to diagnose aspects of the large-scale atmospheric structure and variability and explore how these impact on the Southern Ocean. We discuss how the 'Southern Annular Mode' and the 'Pacific-South American' pattern influence the Southern Ocean, particularly in the Eastern Pacific. We review the importance of atmospheric eddies in Southern Ocean climate, and the role they play in transport of mechanical energy into the ocean. The fluxes of fresh water across the air-sea boundary influence strongly the processes of water mass formation. It is shown that climatological precipitation exceeds evaporation over most of the Southern Ocean. When averaged over the ocean from 50S to the Antarctic coast the annual mean excess is 0.8 mm per day. The magnitude of the flux displays only a small measure of seasonality, and it's largest value of 0.92 mm per day occurs in summer.

In this project, the NCEP reanalysis datasets were sourced from: NOAA/National Weather Service, National Centers for Environmental Prediction (5200 Auth Road, Camp Springs, Maryland, 20746 USA).

Two NCEP reanalysis data sets were used in this study. The first was NCEP/NCAR, with 6-hourly data available from 1958 (see the URL provided below for further information). The second was the NCEP/DOE set, with 6-hourly data available from 1979 (see the URL provided below for further information).

The ERA-40 is a 're-analysis' of meteorological observations from September 1957 to August 2002 produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) in collaboration with many institutions.

The HadISST1.1 data set was the first version of the global sea-ice and sea surface temperature dataset produced by the Hadley Centre at the United Kingdom Meteorological Office.

In this project the following model/analysis was applied:

Application of The University of Melbourne cyclone tracking scheme (Simmonds et al., 2003, Monthly Weather Review, 131, 272-288) and a broad range of statistical tests. Brief details are provided in the Summary. See the link for the pdf document for more detailed information.

These complex statistical analyses were run over the entire length of the project (2004/05 - 2006/07). They were run on Dell PCs in the School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne.

Related URL

Link: GET DATA

Description: Download point for the data - pdf document detailing the model used

Geographic Coverage

(Click for Interactive Map)

Spatial coordinates

N: -50.0

S: -70.0

E: 180.0

W: -180.0

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 2004-10-07

Location Keywords

OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN

CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA

GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Science Keywords

CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > TELECONNECTIONS

CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE

OCEANS > SEA ICE

OCEANS > SEA ICE > SEA ICE AGE

ISO Topic Category

CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE

Platform

SATELLITES

Quality The Date provided in temporal coverage is approximate only.

See the links for the source data for further information about the quality of the original datasets.

Access Constraints A pdf copy of the paper describing the model used is available for download from the URL given below. Links to the metadata records describing the original data sources are also available at the URLs given below.

Use Constraints This data set conforms to the PICCCBY Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

Please follow instructions listed in the citation reference provided at the URL below when using these data.

Data Set Progress

COMPLETE

Originating Center

ECMWF, NOAA, Hadley Centre

Data Center

Australian Antarctic Data Centre, Australia

Data Center URL: http://data.aad.gov.au

Data Center Personnel
Name: DATA OFFICER AADC Phone: +61 3 6232 3244 Fax: +61 3 6232 3351 Email: metadata at aad.gov.au Contact Address: Australian Antarctic Division 203 Channel Highway City: Kingston Province or State: Tasmania Postal Code: 7050 Country: Australia

Distribution

Distribution Media: HTTP

Distribution Size: 9.3 MB

Distribution Format: pdf

Fees: free

Personnel

IAN SIMMONDS

Role: INVESTIGATOR

Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Role: DIF AUTHOR

Phone: +61 3 9344 7216

Fax: +61 3 9344 7761

Email: simmonds at unimelb.edu.au

Contact Address:

University of Melbourne

School of Earth Sciences

City: PARKVILLE

Province or State: Victoria

Postal Code: 3052

Country: Australia

Publications/References

Simmonds, I., K. Keay and E.-P. Lim, 2003: Synoptic activity in the seas around Antarctica. Monthly Weather Review, 131, 272-288.

Creation and Review Dates

DIF Creation Date: 2005-03-02

Last DIF Revision Date: 2012-09-20

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