Temperature, salinity and current turbulence along an east to west transect across McMurdo Sound
Entry ID:
K131_2007_2010_NZ_1
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Summary
Abstract:
The oceanography of McMurdo Sound was investigated by collecting current meter data, water samples, ice cores, under ice turbulence and Conductivity (salinity)-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles of the full depth of the water column were collected along an east to west transect across the sound. At each site, approximately 5 kms apart, a hole was drilled in the ice, observations of temperature, ... salinity and current turbulence were recorded. Two fixed moorings were deployed at each end of the traverse line for the period of the traverse to provide reference points for the oceanographic observations. Isotope measurements were taken from water samples collected from 10m and 200m at each transect site. Additional cores were sectioned and viewed under cross-polarised light in order to determine the ice structure. It is intended that the research carried out here will in time be able to be applied to a much wider Antarctic marine environment and consequently lead to a greater understanding of the relationship between the sea ice and the underlying ocean. The CTD profiles will be used to describe the water column structure of the sound and to investigate spatial variability in distribution of water masses, particularly Ice Shelf Water (ISW). Comparison with platelet ice abundance measurements from ice cores collected from the same sites will help to identify a causal link between flow of ISW, formation of frazil ice in the water column, and deposition of platelet ice as a method of sea-ice growth. To characterise the relationship between the sea ice, ocean and atmosphere of Antarctica ice cores and water samples were taken in order to better understand and predict high-latitude coupled climate variability, and to underpin the management of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the context of the global climate system. It concentrates on the climate-related processes occurring within McMurdo Sound to the marginal ice zone. It covers a range of scales, from microns in structure of sea ice, to the order of thousands of kilometres in the process of sea ice dispersal in the Southern Ocean, and the relationships linking Antarctica to global climate variability and change.Ice core, water
Related URL
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Description:
Antarctic Fast ice Network IPY proposal
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Geographic Coverage
(Click for Interactive Map)
Spatial coordinates
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N: -77.58
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S: -77.87
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E: 167.0
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W: 164.0
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Min Depth:
0
Max Depth:
600
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N: -77.7
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S: -77.88
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E: 166.73
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W: 166.33
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Min Depth:
0
Max Depth:
500
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N: -77.79
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S: -77.88
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E: 166.79
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W: 166.5
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Min Depth:
0M
Max Depth:
500M
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Temporal Coverage
Start Date:
2007-11-11
Stop Date:
2007-12-11
Start Date:
2008-09-07
Stop Date:
2008-10-08
Start Date:
2010-11-12
Stop Date:
2011-02-08
Quality
High precision major and trace chemistry using IC, ICP-MS with strict sampling, handling and analytical protocols utilizing blanks and multilevel calibration techniques.
Access Constraints
Controlled by NSIDC Data Center
Use Constraints
All data users may copy, distribute, display and perform work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author and data owner credit as outlined below. Data users must cite the following publications whenever using any part of these data, unless other usage terms have been negotiated and agreed upon with the data set owner ... Bertler, N., ... Mayewski, P.A., Alberto Aristarain, P.Barrett, S.Becagli, Ronaldo Torma Bernardo, Xiao Cunde, M.Curran, Qin Dahe, D.Dixon, Francisco Adolfo Ferron, H. Fischer, Markus Frey, M.Frezzotti, F. Fundel, Christophe Genthon, R.Gragani, G.Hamilton, M.Handley, Sungmin Hong, E.Isaksson, Ren Jiawen, Kokichi Kamiyama, Satoru Kanamori, Eija Karkas, L.Karlf, S.Kaspari, K.Kreutz, A.Kurbatov, E.Meyerson, Hideaki Motoyama, R. Mulvaney, Zhang Mingjun, H.Oerter, E.Osterberg, M.Proposito, A.Pyne, U.Ruth, Jefferson Cardia Simoes, B.Smith, S.Sneed, Kimmo Teinila, F. Traufetter, R.Udisti, Aki Virkkula, Okitsugu Watanabe, B.Williamson, E. Wolff, Li Zhongqin, 2006, Snow chemistry across Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 41, 167-179. Dixon, D., Mayewski, P.A., Kaspari, S., Sneed, S., and Handley, M., 2004, A 200 year sub annual record of the primary sources of sulfate in West Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 39, 545-556. Dixon, D., Mayewski, P.A., Kaspari, S., Sneed, S. and Handley, M., 2005, Connections between West Antarctic ice core sulfate and climate over the last 200+ years, Annals of Glaciology 41, 155-156. Kaspari, S., Mayewski, P.A., Dixon, D., Spikes, V.B., Sneed, S.B., Handley, M.J., and Hamilton, 2004, Climate variability in West Antarctica derived from annual accumulation rate records from ITASE firn/ice cores, Annals of Glaciology 39, 585-594. Kaspari, S., Mayewski, P.A., Dixon, D., Sneed, S.B., and Handley, M.J., 2005, Sources and transport pathways for marine aerosol species into West Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 42, 1-9. Mayewski, P.A., K. A. Maasch, J.W.C. White, E. Meyerson, I. Goodwin, V.I. Morgan., T. van Ommen, M.A.J. Curran, J. Souney, and K. Kreutz, 2005, A 700 year record of Southern Hemisphere extra-tropical climate variability, Annals of Glaciology 39, 127-132. Mayewski, P.A., Frezzotti, M., Bertler, N., van Ommen, T., Hamilton, G.H., Jacka, J., Welch, B., Frey, M., Dahe, Q., Ren, J., Simoes, J., Fily, M., Oerter, H., Nishio, F., Iasaksson, E., Mulvaney, R., Holmund, P., Lipenkov, V. and Goodwin, I., 2006, The International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition (ITASE) - An Overview, Annals of Glaciology 41, 180-185. Mayewski, P.A., Maasch, K., Yan, Y., Kang, S., Meyerson, E., Sneed, S., Kaspari, S., Dixon, D., Morgan, V., van Ommen, T., and Curran, M., 2006, Solar forcing of the polar atmosphere, Annals of Glaciology 41, 147-154. Mayewski, P.A. and Maasch, K., 2006, Recent warming inconsistent with natural association between temperature and atmospheric circulation over the last 2000 years, Climate of the Past (Discussions), on line: http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/cp/cpd/2/327/cpd-2-327.htm. Steig, E.J., P.A. Mayewski, D. Dixon, S. Kaspari, M. Frey, D.P. Schneider, S.A. Arcone, G. Hamilton, B. Spikes, M.R. Albert, D.A. Meese, A. Gow, C.A. Shuman, J. White, S. Sneed, J. Flaherty, M. Wumkes and US ITASE Project Members, 2006, High-resolution ice cores from US ITASE (West Antarctica): development and validation of chronologies and determination of precision and accuracy, Annals of Glaciology 41, 77-84. Yan, Y., Mayewski, P.A., Kang, S., and Meyerson, E., 2005, An ice core proxy for Antarctic circumpolar wind intensity, Annals of Glaciology 41, 121-130. Related publications that may be of interest to the data user but citation is not required: Arcone, S. A., Spikes, V.B., Hamilton, G., and Mayewski, P.A., 2005, Continuity, vertical resolution and origin of stratigraphy in 400-Mhz short-pulse radar profiles of firn in West Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 39, 195-200. Bergin, M.H., Meyerson, E., Dibb, J.E. and Mayewski, P.A., 1999, Comparison of continuous aerosol measurements and ice core chemistry over a 10 year period at the South Pole, Geophys. Res. Letters. Bertler, N.A.M, Naish, T. R., Mayewski, P.A., and Barrett, P.J., 2006, Opposing oceanic and atmospheric ENSO influences on the Ross Sea Region, Antarctica, Advances in Geoscience 6, 83-86. Bertler, N.A.N., Naish, T.R., Oerter, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Barrett, P.J., Mayewski, P.A. and Kreutz, K., 2006, The effects of joint ENSO-Antarctic Oscillation forcing on the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Antarctic Science 18, 4, 507-514. Bertler, A.N., Barrett, P.J., Mayewski, P.A., Sneed, S.B., Naish, T.R., and Morgenstern, U., 2006, Solar forcing recorded by aerosol concentrations in coastal Antarctic glacier ice, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Annals of Glaciology 41, 52-56. Bertler, N.A.N., P.J. Barrett, P.A. Mayewski, R.L. Fogt, K.J. Kreutz, and J. Shulmeister, 2004, El NiÒo suppresses Antarctic warming, Geophysical Research Letters, 31 (L15207, doi:10.1029/2004GL020749). Bertler, N.A.N., P.J. Barrett, P.A. Mayewski, R.L. Fogt, K.J. Kreutz, and J. Shulmeister, 2005. Reply to comment by Doran et al. on "El NiÒo suppresses Antarctic warming", Geophysical Research Letters, 32 (L07707, doi: 10.1029/2005GL022595). Conway, H., Neumann, T.A., Price, S., Waddington, E.D., Morse, D., Taylor, K., Mayewski, P.A., Dixon, D., Pettit, E., and Steig, E.J., 2005, Candidate drill site near the Ross-Amundsen ice divide, West Antarctica, Report to Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, 10p. Genthon, C., Kaspari,S. and Mayewski, P.A., 2005, Inter-annual variability of surface mass balance in West Antarctica from ITASE cores and ERA40 reanalyses, Climate Dynamics 21, DOI 10.1007/s00382-003-0329-1. Goodwin, I.D., van Ommen, T.D., Curran, M.A.J., and Mayewski, P.A., 2004, Mid-latitude climate variability in the south Indian Ocean and southwest Pacific regions since AD1300, Climate Dynamics 22(8), 783-794. Isaksson, E., KarlÈn, W., Mayewski, P., Twickler, M., and Whitlow, S., 2001. A high-altitude snow chemistry record from Amundsenisen, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology, 47 (158), 489-496. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Meeker, L.D., Twickler, M.S., Whitlow, S.I., and Pittalwala, I.I. 1997, Bipolar changes in atmospheric circulation during the Little Ice Age. Science, v. 277, p. 1294-1296. Kreutz, K.J., and Mayewski, P.A., 1999, Survey of Antarctic surface snow glaciochemistry, Antarctic Science 11 (1), 105-118. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Witlow, S.I. and Twickler, M.S., 1998, Limited migration of soluble ionic species in a Siple Dome, Antarctica ice core, Annals of Glaciology 27, 371-377. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Whitlow, S.I. and Twickler, M.S., 2000, The effect of spatial variability and temporal accumulation rate variability in West Antarctica on soluble ion deposition, Geophysical Research Letters 27, 2517-2520. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Pittalwala, I.I., Meeker, L.D., Twickler, M.S., and Whitlow, S.I. 2000. Sea-level pressure variability in the Amundsen Sea region inferred from a West Antarctic glaciochemical record, Journal of Geophysical Research, 105 (D3), 4047-4059. Kurbatov, A. V., G. A. Zielinski, N. W. Dunbar, P. A. Mayewski, E. A. Meyerson, S. B. Sneed, and K. C. Taylor (2006), A 12,000 year record of explosive volcanism in the Siple Dome Ice Core, West Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D12307, doi:10.1029/2005JD006072. Maasch, K., Mayewski, P.A., Rohling, E., Stager, C., KarlÈn, K., Meeker, L.D., and Meyerson, E., 2005, Climate of the past 2000 years, Geografiska Annaler 87A (1), 7-15. Mayewski, P. A., M. Meredith, C. Summerhayes, J. Turner, S. Aoki, Barrett, P. N.A.N. Bertler, T. Bracegirdle, D. Bromwich, H. Campbell, G. Casassa, A. N. Garabato, W.B. Lyons, K.A. Maasch, A. Worby, C. Xiao, in press, State of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Climate System (SASOCS), Reviews of Geophysics, doi:10.1029/2007RG000231. Mayewski, P.A., Rohling, E., Stager, C., KarlÈn, K., Maasch, K., Meeker, L.D., Meyerson, E., Gasse, F., van Kreveld, S., Holmgren, K., Lee-Thorp, J., Rosqvist, G., Rack, F., Staubwasser, M., and Schneider, R., 2004, Holocene climate variability, Quaternary Research, Quaternary Research 62, 243-255. Mayewski, P.A., 2003, Antarctic oversnow traverse-based Southern Hemisphere climate reconstruction, EOS 84, 22, 205 and 210. Meyerson, E.A., Mayewski, P.A., Whitlow, S.I., Meeker, L.D.and Kreutz, K.J. and Twickler, M.S., 2002, The extratropical expression of ENSO recorded in a South Pole glaciochemical time series, Annals of Glaciology 35, 430-436. Monaghan, A. J., D. H. Bromwich, R. L. Fogt, S.-H. Wang, P. A. Mayewski, D. A. Dixon, A. A. Ekaykin, M. Frezzotti, I. D. Goodwin, E. Isaksson, S. D. Kaspari, V. I. Morgan, H. Oerter, T. D. van Ommen, C. J. van der Veen, and J. Wen, 2006: Insignificant change in Antarctic snowfall since the International Geophysical Year. Science, 313, 827-831. Palmer, A.S., Van Ommen, T., Curran, M.A., Morgan, V., Souney, J., and Mayewski, P.A., 2001, High-precision dating of volcanic events (AD 1301-1995) using ice cores from Law Dome, Antarctica, Jour. Geophys. Res. 106, D22, 28,080-28,095. Pruett, L.E., Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Kurbatov, A., and Wadleigh, M. 2004, Sulfur isotopic measurements from a West Antarctic ice core: implications for sulfate source and transport, Annals of Glaciology 39, 161-168. Qin, D., Mayewski, P.A., Lyons, W.B., Sun, J. and Hou, S., 1999, Lead pollution in Antarctic surface snow revealed along the route of the International Trans-Antarctic Expedition (ITAE), Ann. Glaciol.29,94-98. Qin, D., Mayewski, P.A., Ren, J., Xiao, C. and Sun, J., in review, The Weddell Sea region: an important precipitation channel to the interior of the Antarctic ice sheet as revealed by glaciochemical investigation of surface snow along the International Trans-Antarctic Expedition (ITAE) route, Annals of Glaciology 29, 55-60. Reusch, D. B., Mayewski, P.A., Whitlow, S.I. and Twickler, M.S., 1999, Spatial variability and past atmospheric circulation patterns from central West Antarctic glaciochemistry, Journal Geophysical Research 104, 5985-6001. Schneider, D. P., E. J. Steig, T. D. van Ommen, D. A. Dixon, P. A. Mayewski, J. M. Jones, and C. M. Bitz (2006), Antarctic temperatures over the past two centuries from ice cores, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L16707, doi:10.1029/2006GL027057. Shulmeister, J., I. Goodwin, J. Renwick, K. Harle, L. Armand, M. S. McGlone, E. Cook, J. Dodson, Hesse, P.P, Mayewski, P., and M. Curran, 2004, The Southern Hemisphere Westerlies in the Australasian sector: A synthesis, Quaternary International 118-119, 23-53. Souney, J., Mayewski, P.A., Goodwin, I., Morgan, V., van Ommen, T., 2002, A late Holocene climate record from Law Dome, East Antarctica, Jour. Geophys. Res. 107 (D22), 4608. Spikes, V. B.; Hamilton, G. S., Arcone, S. A.; Kaspari, S., Mayewski, P.A., 2004, Variability in accumulation rates from GPR profiling on the West Antarctic plateau, Annals of Glaciology 39, 238-244. Stenberg, M., Isaakson, E., Hansson, M., Karlen, W., Mayewski, P. A., Twickler, M.S., Whitlow, S.I. and Gundestrup, N., 1998, Spatial variability of snow chemistry in western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology, 27, 378-384. Xiao, C., Mayewski, P.A., Qin, D., Li, Z., Zhang, M., and Yan, Y., in press, Sea level pressure variability in the Southern Indian Ocean inferred from a glaciochemical record in the Princess Elizabeth L and East Antarctica, Jour. Geophys. Research 109. 
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Publications/References
Bertler, N., Mayewski, P.A., Alberto Aristarain, P.Barrett, S.Becagli, Ronaldo Torma Bernardo, Xiao Cunde, M.Curran, Qin Dahe, D.Dixon, Francisco Adolfo Ferron, H. Fischer, Markus Frey, M.Frezzotti, F. Fundel, Christophe Genthon, R.Gragani, G.Hamilton, M.Handley, Sungmin Hong, E.Isaksson, Ren Jiawen, Kokichi Kamiyama, Satoru Kanamori, Eija Karkas, L.Karlf, S.Kaspari, K.Kreutz, A.Kurbatov, ... ... E.Meyerson, Hideaki Motoyama, R. Mulvaney, Zhang Mingjun, H.Oerter, E.Osterberg, M.Proposito, A.Pyne, U.Ruth, Jefferson Cardia Simoes, B.Smith, S.Sneed, Kimmo Teinila, F. Traufetter, R.Udisti, Aki Virkkula, Okitsugu Watanabe, B.Williamson, E. Wolff, Li Zhongqin, 2006, Snow chemistry across Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 41, 167-179. Dixon, D., Mayewski, P.A., Kaspari, S., Sneed, S., and Handley, M., 2004, A 200 year sub annual record of the primary sources of sulfate in West Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 39, 545-556. Dixon, D., Mayewski, P.A., Kaspari, S., Sneed, S. and Handley, M., 2005, Connections between West Antarctic ice core sulfate and climate over the last 200+ years, Annals of Glaciology 41, 155-156. Kaspari, S., Mayewski, P.A., Dixon, D., Spikes, V.B., Sneed, S.B., Handley, M.J., and Hamilton, 2004, Climate variability in West Antarctica derived from annual accumulation rate records from ITASE firn/ice cores, Annals of Glaciology 39, 585-594. Kaspari, S., Mayewski, P.A., Dixon, D., Sneed, S.B., and Handley, M.J., 2005, Sources and transport pathways for marine aerosol species into West Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 42, 1-9. Mayewski, P.A., K. A. Maasch, J.W.C. White, E. Meyerson, I. Goodwin, V.I. Morgan., T. van Ommen, M.A.J. Curran, J. Souney, and K. Kreutz, 2005, A 700 year record of Southern Hemisphere extra-tropical climate variability, Annals of Glaciology 39, 127-132. Mayewski, P.A., Frezzotti, M., Bertler, N., van Ommen, T., Hamilton, G.H., Jacka, J., Welch, B., Frey, M., Dahe, Q., Ren, J., Simoes, J., Fily, M., Oerter, H., Nishio, F., Iasaksson, E., Mulvaney, R., Holmund, P., Lipenkov, V. and Goodwin, I., 2006, The International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition (ITASE) ñ An Overview, Annals of Glaciology 41, 180-185. Mayewski, P.A., Maasch, K., Yan, Y., Kang, S., Meyerson, E., Sneed, S., Kaspari, S., Dixon, D., Morgan, V., van Ommen, T., and Curran, M., 2006, Solar forcing of the polar atmosphere, Annals of Glaciology 41, 147-154. Mayewski, P.A. and Maasch, K., 2006, Recent warming inconsistent with natural association between temperature and atmospheric circulation over the last 2000 years, Climate of the Past (Discussions), on line: http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/cp/cpd/2/327/cpd-2-327.htm. Steig, E.J., P.A. Mayewski, D. Dixon, S. Kaspari, M. Frey, D.P. Schneider, S.A. Arcone, G. Hamilton, B. Spikes, M.R. Albert, D.A. Meese, A. Gow, C.A. Shuman, J. White, S. Sneed, J. Flaherty, M. Wumkes and US ITASE Project Members, 2006, High-resolution ice cores from US ITASE (West Antarctica): development and validation of chronologies and determination of precision and accuracy, Annals of Glaciology 41, 77-84. Yan, Y., Mayewski, P.A., Kang, S., and Meyerson, E., 2005, An ice core proxy for Antarctic circumpolar wind intensity, Annals of Glaciology 41, 121-130. Arcone, S. A., Spikes, V.B., Hamilton, G., and Mayewski, P.A., 2005, Continuity, vertical resolution and origin of stratigraphy in 400-Mhz short-pulse radar profiles of firn in West Antarctica, Annals of Glaciology 39, 195-200. Bergin, M.H., Meyerson, E., Dibb, J.E. and Mayewski, P.A., 1999, Comparison of continuous aerosol measurements and ice core chemistry over a 10 year period at the South Pole, Geophys. Res. Letters. Bertler, N.A.M, Naish, T. R., Mayewski, P.A., and Barrett, P.J., 2006, Opposing oceanic and atmospheric ENSO influences on the Ross Sea Region, Antarctica, Advances in Geoscience 6, 83-86. Bertler, N.A.N., Naish, T.R., Oerter, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Barrett, P.J., Mayewski, P.A. and Kreutz, K., 2006, The effects of joint ENSO-Antarctic Oscillation forcing on the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, Antarctic Science 18, 4, 507-514. Bertler, A.N., Barrett, P.J., Mayewski, P.A., Sneed, S.B., Naish, T.R., and Morgenstern, U., 2006, Solar forcing recorded by aerosol concentrations in coastal Antarctic glacier ice, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Annals of Glaciology 41, 52-56. Bertler, N.A.N., P.J. Barrett, P.A. Mayewski, R.L. Fogt, K.J. Kreutz, and J. Shulmeister, 2004, El Nino suppresses Antarctic warming, Geophysical Research Letters, 31 (L15207, doi:10.1029/2004GL020749). Bertler, N.A.N., P.J. Barrett, P.A. Mayewski, R.L. Fogt, K.J. Kreutz, and J. Shulmeister, 2005. Reply to comment by Doran et al. on "El Nino suppresses Antarctic warming", Geophysical Research Letters, 32 (L07707, doi: 10.1029/2005GL022595). Conway, H., Neumann, T.A., Price, S., Waddington, E.D., Morse, D., Taylor, K., Mayewski, P.A., Dixon, D., Pettit, E., and Steig, E.J., 2005, Candidate drill site near the Ross-Amundsen ice divide, West Antarctica, Report to Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, 10p. Genthon, C., Kaspari,S. and Mayewski, P.A., 2005, Inter-annual variability of surface mass balance in West Antarctica from ITASE cores and ERA40 reanalyses, Climate Dynamics 21, DOI 10.1007/s00382-003-0329-1. Goodwin, I.D., van Ommen, T.D., Curran, M.A.J., and Mayewski, P.A., 2004, Mid-latitude climate variability in the south Indian Ocean and southwest Pacific regions since AD1300, Climate Dynamics 22(8), 783-794. Isaksson, E., KarlÈn, W., Mayewski, P., Twickler, M., and Whitlow, S., 2001. A high-altitude snow chemistry record from Amundsenisen, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology, 47 (158), 489-496. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Meeker, L.D., Twickler, M.S., Whitlow, S.I., and Pittalwala, I.I. 1997, Bipolar changes in atmospheric circulation during the Little Ice Age. Science, v. 277, p. 1294-1296. Kreutz, K.J., and Mayewski, P.A., 1999, Survey of Antarctic surface snow glaciochemistry, Antarctic Science 11 (1), 105-118. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Witlow, S.I. and Twickler, M.S., 1998, Limited migration of soluble ionic species in a Siple Dome, Antarctica ice core, Annals of Glaciology 27, 371-377. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Whitlow, S.I. and Twickler, M.S., 2000, The effect of spatial variability and temporal accumulation rate variability in West Antarctica on soluble ion deposition, Geophysical Research Letters 27, 2517-2520. Kreutz, K.J., Mayewski, P.A., Pittalwala, I.I., Meeker, L.D., Twickler, M.S., and Whitlow, S.I. 2000. Sea-level pressure variability in the Amundsen Sea region inferred from a West Antarctic glaciochemical record, Journal of Geophysical Research, 105 (D3), 4047-4059. Kurbatov, A. V., G. A. Zielinski, N. W. Dunbar, P. A. Mayewski, E. A. Meyerson, S. B. Sneed, and K. C. Taylor (2006), A 12,000 year record of explosive volcanism in the Siple Dome Ice Core, West Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D12307, doi:10.1029/2005JD006072. Maasch, K., Mayewski, P.A., Rohling, E., Stager, C., KarlÈn, K., Meeker, L.D., and Meyerson, E., 2005, Climate of the past 2000 years, Geografiska Annaler 87A (1), 7-15. Mayewski, P. A., M. Meredith, C. Summerhayes, J. Turner, S. Aoki, Barrett, P. N.A.N. Bertler, T. Bracegirdle, D. Bromwich, H. Campbell, G. Casassa, A. N. Garabato, W.B. Lyons, K.A. Maasch, A. Worby, C. Xiao, in press, State of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Climate System (SASOCS), Reviews of Geophysics, doi:10.1029/2007RG000231. 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Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
2008-12-04
Last DIF Revision Date:
2009-01-08
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