[Parameters: Topic='CRYOSPHERE', Term='SEA ICE']
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Digital SAR Mosaic and Elevation Map of the Greenland Ice Sheet Entry ID: NSIDC-0052 |
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Summary
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Abstract:
The Digital SAR Mosaic and Elevation Map of the Greenland Ice Sheet CD-ROM combines the most detailed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image mosaic available with the best current digital elevation model. The mosaic image shows both the location of the ice edge and the distribution of melt-related 'scatterers' on the surface. These scatterers include ice lenses and complex layered structure in the percolation zone and bare ice of the ablation zone. Other melt-related features that can be seen include lake and surface meltwater stream channels at lower elevations, as well as ice-marginal lakes. This characterization of the ice sheet provides a reference against which future change can be measured. Changing conditions resulting from climatic variation should show up as changes in the ice margin and shifts in the hydrologic zones. It is hoped that the standard reference provided by this data set can facilitate activities aimed at change detection and promote other work aimed at understanding the processes operating on the ice sheet. The image data are derived from SAR image swaths acquired by the ERS-1 satellite during August of 1992. The mosaic was assembled at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Its component images are a copyrighted product of the European Space Agency. The mosaic, a value-added derived product, is available to individuals and non-profit organizations for research oriented purposes only. The Danish geodetic and cadastral agency Kort-og Matrikelstyrelsen (KMS) compiled the elevation data provided with the product from a number of sources, including field surveys, aerial photographs, and the ERS-1 radar altimeter. The elevation data are also provided only to individuals and non-profit organizations for research oriented purposes. Included with the data is NSIDC's limb (large image map browser) software, which was developed in-house and allows UNIX users to easily select and view portions of the mosaic image with elevation contours derived from the elevation data overlain. Limb is provided as 'freeware' for general use. NSIDC distributes the Digital SAR Mosaic and Elevation Map of the Greenland Ice Sheet on CD-ROM at no charge. |
Related URL
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Link:
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Description: Research agreement that prospective users of the product are required to complete stating that the image and elevation data will be only be used under the specified terms and conditions. Link: VIEW RELATED INFORMATION Description: Online documentation. |
Geographic Coverage
| N: 84.0 | S: 60.0 | E: -10.0 | W: -73.0 |
| Min Altitude: 0 M | Max Altitude: 3251.4 M |
Data Set Citation
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Dataset Originator/Creator:
Mark Fahnestock, Simon Ekholm, Kenneth Knowles, Ron Kwok, Ted Scambos
Dataset Title: Digital SAR Mosaic and Elevation Map of the Greenland Ice Sheet Dataset Release Date: 1997-01-01 Dataset Release Place: Boulder, Colorado USA Dataset Publisher: National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) Online Resource: http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0052.html |
Temporal Coverage
| Start Date: 1991-01-01 |
| Stop Date: 1995-12-31 |
| Start Date: 1992-08-02 |
| Stop Date: 1992-09-09 |
Location Keywords
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CONTINENT
> NORTH AMERICA
> GREENLAND
GEOGRAPHIC REGION > ARCTIC GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR |
Data Resolution
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Latitude Resolution:
2 km
Longitude Resolution: 2 km Vertical Resolution: 13 m |
Science Keywords
| CRYOSPHERE >SEA ICE >ICE EDGES [Definition] |
| CRYOSPHERE >GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS >ICE SHEETS [Definition] |
| TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE >GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS >ICE SHEETS [Definition] |
| OCEANS >SEA ICE >ICE EDGES [Definition] |
| SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING >RADAR >RADAR BACKSCATTER [Definition] |
| SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING >RADAR >RADAR CROSS-SECTION [Definition] |
| SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING >RADAR >RADAR IMAGERY [Definition] |
| SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING >RADAR >RADAR REFLECTIVITY [Definition] |
| SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING >RADAR >RETURN POWER [Definition] |
| CRYOSPHERE >GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS >GLACIER TOPOGRAPHY/ICE SHEET TOPOGRAPHY [Definition] |
| CRYOSPHERE >GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS >GLACIER ELEVATION/ICE SHEET ELEVATION [Definition] |
| TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE >GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS >GLACIER TOPOGRAPHY/ICE SHEET TOPOGRAPHY [Definition] |
| TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE >GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS >GLACIER ELEVATION/ICE SHEET ELEVATION [Definition] |
ISO Topic Category
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ELEVATION
GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION IMAGERY/BASE MAPS/EARTH COVER INLAND WATERS |
Platform
| ERS-1 >European Remote Sensing Satellite-1 [Information] |
| GEOSAT >Geodetic Satellite [Information] |
Instrument
| Radar Altimeters [Information] |
| SAR >Synthetic Aperture Radar [Information] |
| VISUAL OBSERVATIONS [Information] |
Project
| EOSDIS >Earth Observing System Data Information System [Information] |
| ESIP >Earth Science Information Partners Program [Information] |
Quality
| The accuracy and precision of the DEM is not adequate for the detection of real ice surface elevation changes over time, and thus the DEM should not be used for such purposes. Additional processing would be necessary before the DEM could be used as part of a scheme for elevation change detection. |
Access Constraints
| This data set is available for non-profit, research-oriented purposes only. Prospective users of the product are required to complete a Research Agreement stating that the image and elevation data will be only be used under the specified terms and conditions. |
Use Constraints
| For non-profit, research-oriented purposes only. |
Data Set Progress
| COMPLETE |
Originating Center
| NSIDC |
Data Center
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NSIDC Distributed Active Archive Center
[Information]
Data Center URL: http://nsidc.org/daac/index.html Dataset ID: NSIDC-0052
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National Snow and Ice Data Center
[Information]
Data Center URL: http://nsidc.org Dataset ID: NSIDC-0052
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Distribution
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Distribution_Media:
CD-ROM
Distribution_Format: DEM data = 2-byte integers in PC-byte order flat Fees: none |
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Distribution_Media:
CD-ROM
Distribution_Format: SAR data = 'flat' byte file with no header Fees: none |
Personnel
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NSIDC
USER SERVICES Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT Phone: +1 (303) 492-6199 Fax: +1 (303) 492-2468 Email: nsidc at nsidc.org Contact Address: National Snow and Ice Data Center CIRES, 449 UCB University of Colorado City: Boulder Province or State: CO Postal Code: 80309-0449 Country: USA |
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MARK
FAHNESTOCK Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: 603-862-0322 Email: mark.fahnestock at unh.edu Contact Address: University of New Hampshire 39 College Road City: Durham Province or State: NH Postal Code: 03824-3525 Country: USA |
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SIMON
EKHOLM Role: INVESTIGATOR Contact Address: Kort-og Matrikelstyrelsen (KMS, National Survey and Cadastre) City: Copenhagen Country: Denmark |
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KENNETH
W.
KNOWLES Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: 303-492-6199 Fax: 303-492-2468 Email: nsidc at nsidc.org Contact Address: National Snow and Ice Data Center CIRES, 449 UCB University of Colorado City: Boulder Province or State: CO Postal Code: 80309-0449 Country: USA |
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RON
KWOK Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: (818) 354-5614 Fax: (818) 393-3077 Email: ron.kwok at jpl.nasa.gov Contact Address: 4800 Oak Grove Dr M/S: 300-331 City: Pasadena Province or State: CA Postal Code: 91109 Country: United States |
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TED
SCAMBOS Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: 303 492 1113 Email: teds at nsidc.org Contact Address: National Snow and Ice Data Center CIRES, 449 UCB University of Colorado City: Boulder Province or State: CO Postal Code: 80309-0449 Country: USA |
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MIKE
MESHEK Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: 303-492-4549 Fax: 303-492-2468 Email: writers at nsidc.org Contact Address: National Snow and Ice Data Center Campus Box 449 University of Colorado City: Boulder Province or State: CO Postal Code: 80309-0449 Country: USA |
Publications/References
Andersen, Ole Baltazar. 1994. ERS-1 altimetry on the Greenland ice sheet: Preliminary investigations of annual variations. Geophysical Research Letters 21(15):1655-1658.
Binschadler, R. A., and P. L. Vornberger. 1993. Interpretation of SAR imagery of the Greenland ice sheet using coregistered TM imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 167-175.
Ekholm, S. 1996. A full coverage, high-resolution topographic model of Greenland computed from a variety of digital elevation data. Journal of Geophysical Research 101(B10):21961-21972.
Ekholm, S., R. Forsberg, and J. M. Brozena. 1995. Accuracy of satellite altimeter elevations over the Greenland ice sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research 100(C2):2687-2696.
Fahnestock, M. A., and R. A. Bindschadler. 1993. Description of a program for SAR investigation of the Greenland ice sheet and an example of margin change detection using SAR. Annals of Glaciology 39(131): 119-132.
Fahnestock, M., R. Bindschadler, R. Kwok, and K. Jezek. 1993. Greenland ice sheet surface properties and ice dynamics from ERS-1 SAR imagery. Science 262:1530-1534.
Fahnestock, M., R. Bindschadler, R. Kwok, and K. Jezek. 1993. Greenland ice sheet surface properties and ice dynamics from ERS-1 SAR imagery.Science 262: 1525-1530.
Jezek, K. C., and S. Grace. 1991. Synthetic Aperture Radar observations of the Greenland ice sheet. EOS Suppl., p. 150.
Jezek, K. C. 1992. Spatial patterns in radar backscatter strength across the Greenland ice sheet. EOS Suppl., p. 181.
Jezek, K. C., and S. P. Gogineni. 1992. Microwave remote sensing of the Greenland ice sheet. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Newsletter 9:6-10.
Jezek, K. C., M. R. Drinkwater, J. P. Crawford, R. Bindschadler, and R. Kwok. 1993. Analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar data collected over the southwestern Greenland ice sheet. Journal of Glaciology 39(131): 115-132.
Jezek, K. C., P. Gogineni, and M. Chanableh. 1994. Radar measurements of melt zones on the Greenland ice sheet. Geophysical Research Letters 21(1): 33-36.
Knowles, K. 1992. Points, Pixels, Grids, and Cells: A Mapping and Gridding Primer. Unpublished report to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, CO.
Rignot, E. J., S. J. Austria, J. J. V. Zyl, and K. C. Jezek. 1993. Unusual radar echoes from the Greenland ice sheet. Science 261:1710-1713.
Rignot, E., J. V. Zyl, S. Ostro, and K. C. Jezek. 1993. Unusual radar echoes from the percolation zone of the Greenland ice sheet. EOS Suppl., p. 247.
Rignot, E. 1995. Backscatter model for the unusual radar properties of the Greenland ice sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research 100(E5): 9389-9400.
Simonett, D. S., F. T. Ulaby, J. E. Estes, and G. A. Thorley, eds. 1983. Manual of remote sensing, Falls Church, Virginia: American Society of Photogrammetry.
Vornberger, P. L., and R. A. Bindschadler. 1992. Multi-spectral analysis of ice sheets using co-registered SAR and TM imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing 13(4): 637-645.
Zwally, R. A. Bindschadler, A. C. Brenner, and R. H. Thomas. 1983. Surface elevation contours of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Journal of Geophysical Research 88: 1589-1596.
Binschadler, R. A., and P. L. Vornberger. 1993. Interpretation of SAR imagery of the Greenland ice sheet using coregistered TM imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 167-175.
Ekholm, S. 1996. A full coverage, high-resolution topographic model of Greenland computed from a variety of digital elevation data. Journal of Geophysical Research 101(B10):21961-21972.
Ekholm, S., R. Forsberg, and J. M. Brozena. 1995. Accuracy of satellite altimeter elevations over the Greenland ice sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research 100(C2):2687-2696.
Fahnestock, M. A., and R. A. Bindschadler. 1993. Description of a program for SAR investigation of the Greenland ice sheet and an example of margin change detection using SAR. Annals of Glaciology 39(131): 119-132.
Fahnestock, M., R. Bindschadler, R. Kwok, and K. Jezek. 1993. Greenland ice sheet surface properties and ice dynamics from ERS-1 SAR imagery. Science 262:1530-1534.
Fahnestock, M., R. Bindschadler, R. Kwok, and K. Jezek. 1993. Greenland ice sheet surface properties and ice dynamics from ERS-1 SAR imagery.Science 262: 1525-1530.
Jezek, K. C., and S. Grace. 1991. Synthetic Aperture Radar observations of the Greenland ice sheet. EOS Suppl., p. 150.
Jezek, K. C. 1992. Spatial patterns in radar backscatter strength across the Greenland ice sheet. EOS Suppl., p. 181.
Jezek, K. C., and S. P. Gogineni. 1992. Microwave remote sensing of the Greenland ice sheet. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Newsletter 9:6-10.
Jezek, K. C., M. R. Drinkwater, J. P. Crawford, R. Bindschadler, and R. Kwok. 1993. Analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar data collected over the southwestern Greenland ice sheet. Journal of Glaciology 39(131): 115-132.
Jezek, K. C., P. Gogineni, and M. Chanableh. 1994. Radar measurements of melt zones on the Greenland ice sheet. Geophysical Research Letters 21(1): 33-36.
Knowles, K. 1992. Points, Pixels, Grids, and Cells: A Mapping and Gridding Primer. Unpublished report to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, CO.
Rignot, E. J., S. J. Austria, J. J. V. Zyl, and K. C. Jezek. 1993. Unusual radar echoes from the Greenland ice sheet. Science 261:1710-1713.
Rignot, E., J. V. Zyl, S. Ostro, and K. C. Jezek. 1993. Unusual radar echoes from the percolation zone of the Greenland ice sheet. EOS Suppl., p. 247.
Rignot, E. 1995. Backscatter model for the unusual radar properties of the Greenland ice sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research 100(E5): 9389-9400.
Simonett, D. S., F. T. Ulaby, J. E. Estes, and G. A. Thorley, eds. 1983. Manual of remote sensing, Falls Church, Virginia: American Society of Photogrammetry.
Vornberger, P. L., and R. A. Bindschadler. 1992. Multi-spectral analysis of ice sheets using co-registered SAR and TM imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing 13(4): 637-645.
Zwally, R. A. Bindschadler, A. C. Brenner, and R. H. Thomas. 1983. Surface elevation contours of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Journal of Geophysical Research 88: 1589-1596.
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
1997-01-01
Last DIF Revision Date:
2012-05-14
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