Long Term Slurry on Grassland Experiment, Soil Organic Matter Network, Northern Ireland
Entry ID:
DANI.Slurry
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Summary
Abstract:
This experiment was initiated in 1970 at a site that was originally temperate deciduous woodland. It then was an estate farm until the agricultural institute founded in 1926. The area was cut grassland, predominantly Lolium perenne L. sward immediately before the experiment was established. The experiment consists of a single land-use, cut grassland (3 cuts ... per year). Treatments are as follows: 1) Fertilizer control (200 kgN, 32 kgP, 160 kgK /ha/y), 2) Unfertilized control (as 1 1970 to 1972 - no amendments thereafter), 3) Pig slurry at 50 m3/ha/y, 4) Pig slurry at 100 m3/ha/y, 5) Pig slurry at 200 m3/ha/y, 6) Cow slurry at 50 m3/ha/y, 7) Cow slurry at 100 m3/ha/y, 8) Cow slurry at 200 m3/ha/y. The average climatic conditions at the experimental site are: Minimum annual temperature: 5.5 deg C Maximum annual temperature: 12 deg C Mean annual rainfall: 872.5 mm The soil is characteized as a clay loam slightly gleyed overlying triassic sandstone and silurian shale. Classified according to soil classification for England and Wales, Technical monograph 14 (1980). Ap horizon 0-30cm - clay loam 7.5 YR 4/2. Bg horizon 31-50cm - clay loam 7.5 YR 68, mottles = 5 YR 5/8. Cg horizon 51cm and deeper - clay laom, 7.5 YR 4/6, Mottles = 5 YR 6/3. The measurements made, methodology, and frequency are listed below: a) Vegetation measurements made and frequency Yield: 3 times per year Total dry matter offtake: 3 times per year Nitrogen content of offtake: 3 times per year 3 times per year for P, K, Ca, Mg (concentrations and offtakes), Mn from 1982, Cu and Zn from 1987 and S from 1990. b) Soil sampling Time zero soil measurements were taken. A crude assessment of site variability was made by dividing the area into 4 quadrants and taking a composite soil sample from each quadrant on 6 November 1969. Sampling depth was 15cm. Each sample was analysed for pH, extractable P and K. The data were not analyzed statisically. Each February numerous cores are removed from each plot (core diameter = 1.5cm) with a half corer auger to a depth of 15cm. The cores are cut into 3 5cm sections which are bulked to give a composite sample from 0-5, 5-10 and 10-50cm depth. About 500g of fresh soil is collected from each depth in each plot. The cores are taken randomly from the plot area. Soil is separated into layers Details of measuring depths and soil layers: One composite sample per plot at depths 0-5, 5-10 and 10-15cm. c) Soil measurements made and frequency Total carbon: Annually 1971-1977 and 1980 Method of measuring total carbon: Tinsley method (MAFF) 1986 (see J. Appl. Ecol. (1989) 26: 597 - in reference list). Biomass carbon: Twice in 1978 and 1986 Method of measuring biomass carbon: 1978 (6 treatments) and 1986 (all treatments) by chloroform fumigation-incubation (see J. Appl. Ecol. (1989) 26, 597 - in reference list). Carbon dioxide evolution: Once in 1970 Method of measuring carbon dioxide evolution: Conducted once in February 1970 using McFayden tubes inserted into two of the three blocks of the experiment. Total nitrogen: Annually 1971-1977 and 1980 Method of measuring total nitrogen: Kjeldahl digestion. 1986-Kjeldahl digestion following reduction of nitrate (Kalembasa & Jenkinson, 1985). Biomass nitrogen: 1978 and 1986 Method of measuring biomass nitrogen: Chloroform fumigation-incubation. See J.Appl.Ecol. (1989) 26: 597 - in reference list). Other nutrients: pH in water (MAFF:ADAS method), bicarbonate-extractable P, exchangeable K+ and Mg++. Full details in J. Agric. Sci., Camb. (see reference list). d) Details of the meteorological station Nearest meteorological station to the site: Agricultural research institute of Northern Ireland, Hillsborough. which is .04 km from the site at coordinates 6deg.25min.20sec. West, 54deg.26min.50sec. North. The meteorological station is manual. e) Meteorological data available and frequency Rainfall: Daily Air temperature: Daily Soil temperature: Daily Wind speed: Daily Net Radiation: Daily Sun hours: Daily Relative humidity: Daily Potential evapotranspiration: Daily This information was compiled for the GCTE-SOMNET Database, Pete Smith, Pete Falloon, David Powlson, and Jo Smith. Soil Science Department, IACR-Rothamsted, UK.
Related URL
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Description:
This url links to the GCTE-SOMNET home page where additional project information and methodology can be obtained. This site is currently in a datasharing phase of the network where actual data will become available shortly, at different levels of accessibility. Please follow this link for more information.
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Geographic Coverage
(Click for Interactive Map)
Spatial coordinates
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N: 54.45
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S: 54.43
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E: -6.41
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W: -6.43
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Min Depth:
SURFACE
Max Depth:
15 CM
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Quality
a) Details of the plots Width of smallest plot is 3.5 m Length of smallest plot is 8.5 m Width of largest plot is 28 m Length of largest plot is 51 m Slope: 5% . Shape: Convex Width of Discard Strip around plot: 0.5m b) Details of replication, randomization and controls ... There are at least 6 replicates in the experiment. The experiment has a restricted randomized plot design. Randomized block with two replicates of all treatments fully randomized within each of three blocks. There are control plots described as follows: Fertilizer control and unfertilized control plots present. Full details in J. Agric. Sci., Camb. (1987) 108: 529 (see reference list). All data analyzed by analysis of variance. No data have been omitted. 
Access Constraints
none
Personnel
Role:
TECHNICAL CONTACT
Phone:
+44 028 9025 5349
Fax:
+44 028 9066 9551
Email:
peter.christie at dardni.gov.uk
Contact Address:
Agriculture and Food Science, Northern Ireland
Agricultural & Environmental Science Division,
Newforge Lane
City:
Belfast
Province or State:
BT9 5PX
Country:
IRELAND
Role:
DIF AUTHOR
Phone:
(301) 614-6898
Fax:
301-614-5268
Email:
Tyler.B.Stevens at nasa.gov
Contact Address:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Global Change Master Directory
City:
Greenbelt
Province or State:
MD
Postal Code:
20771
Country:
USA
Publications/References
Anderson, R. & Christie, P. 1992. Silage quality and the long term application of animal slurries to grassland. Third British Grassland Society Research Conference, pp. 117-118. Anderson, R. & Christie, P. 1995. Effect of long-term application of animal slurries to grassland on silage quality assessed in laboratory silos. Journal of the Science of Food and ... Agriculture 67, 205-213. Christie, P. & Beattie, J.A.M. 1987. Significance of sample size in measurement of soil microbial biomass by the chloroform fumigation-incubation method. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 19, 149-152. Christie, P. & Beattie, J.A.M. 1989. Grassland soil microbial biomass and accumulation of potentially toxic metals from long-term slurry application. Journal of Applied Ecology 26, 597-612. Christie, P. & Beattie, J.A.M. 1991. Direct field evaluation of fertilizer efficiency of slurry NH4-N for cut grass using 15N. In: Stable Isotopes in Plant Nutrition, Soil Fertility and Environmental Studies. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 403-405. Christie, P. & Kilpatrick, D.J. 1992. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza infection in cut grassland following long-term slurry application. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 24, 325-330. Christie, P. 1987. Long-term effects of slurry on grassland. In: H.G. van der Meer, R.J. Unwin, T.A. van Dijk & G.C. Ennik (eds): Animal Manure on Grassland and Fodder Crops. Fertilizer or Waste? Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, pp. 301-304. Christie, P. 1987. Long-term effects of slurry on grassland. Newsletter Farming Life, 7 February, p.28 Christie, P. 1987. Some long-term effects of slurry on grassland. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 108, 529-541. Christie, P. 1990. Accumulation of potentially toxic metals in grassland from long-term slurry application. In: R. Merckx, H. Vereecken & K. Vlassak (eds): Fertilization and the Environment. Leuven University Press, pp. 124-130. Christie, P. 1992. Protecting our soils from heavy metal pollution. Newsletter Farming Life, 30 May, p. 24 Christie, P. 1993. Agronomic and ecological effects of dilute organic manures on temperate grassland. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Classification and Management of Arid-Desert Soils. China Science and Technology Press, Beijing, pp. 57-62. Christie, P., Dickson, E.L. & Kilpatrick, D.J. 1989. Comparison between wet and dry oxidation methods of sample preparation for copper and zinc analysis of grassland herbage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 48, 155-164.
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
1999-12-13
Last DIF Revision Date:
2009-03-16
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