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Vulnerability of Antarctic marine benthos to increased temperatures and ocean acidification associated with climate change - x-ray diffractometry of sea urchin skeletons

Entry ID: AAS_3134_XRD

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Summary

Abstract: Public
Ocean acidification and warming are global phenomena that will impact marine biota through the 21st century. This project will provide urgently needed predictive information on the likely survivorship of benthic invertebrates in near shore Antarctic environments that is crucial for risk assessment of potential future changes to oceans. As oceans acidify carbonate saturation decreases, ... reducing the material required to produce marine skeletons. By examining the effects of increased ocean temperature and acidification on planktonic and benthic life stages of both calcifying and non-calcifying ecologically important organisms, predictions can be made on the potential vulnerability of marine biota to climatic change.

Project Objectives:
This project aims to deliver one of the first assessments of the impacts that ocean warming and acidification through rising CO2 levels will have on Antarctic benthic marine invertebrates and of the adaptive capacity of common Antarctic biota to climate change. The developmental success of species that have a skeleton will be compared to those that do not under controlled conditions of increased sea water temperature and CO2. A comparison of the responses and sensitivity of developmental stages of calcifiers (echinoids, bivalves) and non-calcifiers (asteroids) to elevated CO2 and temperature will generate much needed empirical data for assessment of risk and adaptive capacity of Antarctica's marine biota and will enable predictions of how benthic invertebrates will fare with respect to climate change scenarios.

This dataset addresses objective 3, and part of objective 5:

3 - compare the dynamics of biomineralisation with respect to the elemental composition in response to increased temperature and CO2 in species with aragonite and calcite exoskeletons (bivalves) and porous high magnesium calcite endoskeletons (echinoids) to assess the potential for an in-built adaptive response in calcification

5 - compare biomineralisation and elemental signatures in skeletons in larvae of Antarctic molluscs and echinoderms under climate change scenarios with that determined for related species at lower latitudes to assess the relative sensitivity and vulnerability of Antarctic biota.

These data are XRD - x-ray diffractometry of the skeleton to provide data on the element content of the calcite mineral. The Mg2+ level is of interest because the higher the Mg content the more vulnerable the skeleton is to ocean acidification.

Wt% MgCO3 in the calcite sample - for each category; test (- "shell"); Spines (-= lg primary spines) and secondary spines

Related URL

Link: GET DATA

Description: Download point for the data

Geographic Coverage

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Spatial coordinates

N: -68.3

S: -68.8

E: 78.0

W: 77.8

Data Set Citation

Dataset Release Date: 2013-03-21

Dataset DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4225/15/514A60643769C

Parent DIF

This data set description is a member of a collection. The collection is described in
AAS_3134

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 2009-09-30

Stop Date: 2012-03-31

Location Keywords

CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA

OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN

GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Science Keywords

BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES > ECHINODERMS > SEA URCHINS

ISO Topic Category

BIOTA

ENVIRONMENT

OCEANS

Platform

LABORATORY

Instrument

XRD > X-ray Diffractometer

Access Constraints These data are publicly available for download from the provided URL.

Use Constraints This data set conforms to the PICCCBY Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

Please follow instructions listed in the citation reference provided at http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/metadata/citation.cfm?entry_id=AAS_3134... when using these data.

Ancillary Keywords

x-ray diffractometry

Sea Urchins

Ocean acidification

Data Set Progress

COMPLETE

Originating Center

Australian Antarctic Division

Data Center

Australian Antarctic Data Centre, Australia

Data Center URL: http://data.aad.gov.au

Data Center Personnel
Name: DATA OFFICER AADC Phone: +61 3 6232 3244 Fax: +61 3 6232 3351 Email: metadata at aad.gov.au Contact Address: Australian Antarctic Division 203 Channel Highway City: Kingston Province or State: Tasmania Postal Code: 7050 Country: Australia

Distribution

Distribution Media: HTTP

Distribution Size: 6 kb

Distribution Format: Word

Fees: Free

Personnel

MARIA BYRNE

Role: INVESTIGATOR

Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Phone: +61 2 9351 2222

Email: mel at anatomy.usyd.edu.au

Contact Address:

University of Sydney

City: Sydney

Province or State: NSW

Postal Code: 2006

Country: Australia

DAVE CONNELL

Role: DIF AUTHOR

Phone: +61 3 6232 3244

Fax: +61 3 6232 3351

Email: dave.connell at aad.gov.au

Contact Address:

Australian Antarctic Division

203 Channel Highway

City: Kingston

Province or State: Tasmania

Postal Code: 7050

Country: Australia

Extended Metadata Properties

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Creation and Review Dates

DIF Creation Date: 2012-12-23

Last DIF Revision Date: 2013-03-25

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