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The variability of the Southern Annular Mode and associations with high latitude weather and climate

Entry ID: ASAC_2540

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Summary

Abstract: Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 2540
See the link below for public details on this project.

The hemispheric and regional atmospheric circulation influences the Southern Ocean in many and profound ways, including intense air-sea fluxes of momentum, energy, fresh water and dissolved gases. The Southern Ocean ventilates a large fraction of the world ocean and hence these influences are ... spread globally. We use the NCEP-2 reanalysis dataset to diagnose aspects of the large-scale atmospheric structure and variability and explore how these impact on the Southern Ocean. We discuss how the 'Southern Annular Mode' and the 'Pacific-South American' pattern influence the Southern Ocean, particularly in the Eastern Pacific. We review the importance of atmospheric eddies in Southern Ocean climate, and the role they play in transport of mechanical energy into the ocean. The fluxes of fresh water across the air-sea boundary influence strongly the processes of water mass formation. It is shown that climatological precipitation exceeds evaporation over most of the Southern Ocean. When averaged over the ocean from 50S to the Antarctic coast the annual mean excess is 0.8 mm per day. The magnitude of the flux displays only a small measure of seasonality, and it's largest value of 0.92 mm per day occurs in summer.

In this project, the NCEP reanalysis datasets were sourced from: NOAA/National Weather Service, National Centers for Environmental Prediction (5200 Auth Road, Camp Springs, Maryland, 20746 USA).

Two NCEP reanalysis data sets were used in this study. The first was NCEP/NCAR, with 6-hourly data available from 1958 (see the URL provided below for further information). The second was the NCEP/DOE set, with 6-hourly data available from 1979 (see the URL provided below for further information).

The ERA-40 is a 're-analysis' of meteorological observations from September 1957 to August 2002 produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) in collaboration with many institutions.

The HadISST1.1 data set was the first version of the global sea-ice and sea surface temperature dataset produced by the Hadley Centre at the United Kingdom Meteorological Office.

In this project the following model/analysis was applied:

Application of The University of Melbourne cyclone tracking scheme (Simmonds et al., 2003, Monthly Weather Review, 131, 272-288) and a broad range of statistical tests. Brief details are provided in the Summary. See the link for the pdf document for more detailed information.

These complex statistical analyses were run over the entire length of the project (2004/05 - 2006/07). They were run on Dell PCs in the School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne.

Related URL

Link: GET DATA

Description: Download point for the data - pdf document detailing the model used

Geographic Coverage

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Spatial coordinates

N: -50.0

S: -70.0

E: 180.0

W: -180.0

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 2004-10-07

Location Keywords

OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN

CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA

GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Data Resolution

Horizontal Resolution Range: 1 km - < 10 km or approximately .01 degree - < .09 degree

Science Keywords

LAND SURFACE > SURFACE RADIATIVE PROPERTIES > ALBEDO

LAND SURFACE > SURFACE RADIATIVE PROPERTIES > ANISOTROPY

ISO Topic Category

CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE

GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION

Platform

TERRA > Earth Observing System, TERRA (AM-1)

AQUA > Earth Observing System, AQUA

Instrument

MODIS > Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

Project

EOSDIS > Earth Observing System Data Information System

ESIP > Earth Science Information Partners Program

Quality For more information on potential sensor-related anomalies, consult the following URL: http://landweb.nascom.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/QA_WWW/newPage.cgi?fileName=...

Access Constraints None

Use Constraints None

Ancillary Keywords

IMAGERY

DAAC

Data Set Progress

IN WORK

Originating Center

USGS/EROS

Data Center

Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center

Data Center URL: https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/
Dataset ID: MCD43C3

Data Center Personnel
Name: LP DAAC USER SERVICES Phone: (Toll Free) (866) 573-3222 Phone: (605) 594-6116 Fax: (605) 594-6963 Email: LPDAAC at usgs.gov Contact Address: LP DAAC User Services U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center 47914 252nd Street City: Sioux Falls Province or State: SD Postal Code: 57198-0001 Country: USA

Distribution

Distribution Media: HTTP

Distribution Size: ~185 MB

Distribution Format: HDF-EOS

Publications/References

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) publications written by the MODIS Science Team: [available online at http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/sci_team/pubs/]

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 2000, MODIS data products catalog (EOS AM platform): [Greenbelt, Maryland], Goddard Space Flight Center, http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dataprod/index.php.

National Aeronautics and ...

Extended Metadata Properties

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Creation and Review Dates

DIF Creation Date: 2007-02-01

Last DIF Revision Date: 2013-01-31

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