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Aeolian Processes in the Dry Valleys Entry ID: Aeolian_Processes_McMurdo |
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Summary
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Abstract:
This dataset contains data collected during studies of boundary layer winds and surface characteristics. These field experiments were designed to: 1. Understand and quantify the partitioning of wind shear stress between surface and roughness elements on (a) rocky surfaces and (b) surfaces with scatted rocks and intervening sand surface. 2. Test the Raupach et al (1993) shear stress partitioning model to estimate the entrainment threshold on surfaces covered with isolated roughness elements 3. Quantify the spatial distribution of surface shear stress on surfaces with scatted rocks and an intervening sand surface. 4. Understand relations between shear stress partitioning and transport of sand. The dataset includes measurements of: - Boundary Layer winds and surface shear stress - Wind speed at 6 heights above the surface (6.00 m, 3.65 m, 2.22 m, 1.35 m, 0.82 m, 0.50 m wind direction at 6 m and 0.82 m, temperature at 3.65 m. - Surface shear stress using Irwin sensors (Wyatt and Nickling, 1997) - Sand mass transport rates at the Victoria Valley site with static (Nickling and McKenna Neuman, 1997) and automated sand traps. Saltation intensity with Sensit sensor at the Victoria Valley site (Gillette and Stockton, 1986) - Wind force on simulated roughness elements using the Guelph force balance (Gillies et al., 2000; Grant and Nickling, 1998; Wyatt and Nickling, 1997). Data were sampled every 1 second and averaged for 1, 5, and 10 minute intervals. Derived data include estimates of wind shear velocity (u*), aerodynamic roughness (zo) Surface characterization data: Information on rock cover and roughness element geometry, and sand grain size and sorting parameters for surface sand and sand in transport in the Victoria Valley is also available. Datasets available: Data were obtained for 2 sites located on the north side of Lake Fryxell and in the Victoria Valley. There is also Irwin sensor calibration data for 2 sites: Wright Valley and Victoria Lower Glacier, which includes wind profile and temperature measurements. Data cover the following periods: - Wright Valley: January 11-14, 2002 - Lake Fryxell: January 15 - February 1, 2002; January 15 - February 3, 2003 - Victoria Lower Glacier: January 11-13, 2003 - Victoria Valley: January 15 - 31, 2003. Site locations are: - Lake Fryxell: 77 degrees 36.252 minutes; 163 degrees 07.827 minutes - Wright Valley: 77 degrees 31.363 minutes; 162 degrees 00.472 minutes - Victoria Valley: 77.366009935 degrees S, 162.320035048 degrees E These studies were funded by NSF grant OPP-0088136 References cited Gillette, D.A. and Stockton, P.H., 1986. Mass momentum and kinetic energy fluxes of saltating particles. In: W.G. Nickling (Editor), Aeolian Geomorphology. Allen and Unwin, Boston, London, Sydney, pp. 35-56. Gillies, J.A., Lancaster, N., Nickling, W.G. and Crawley, D., 2000. Field determination of drag forces and shear stress partitioning effects for a desert shrub (Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Greasewood). Journal of Geophysical Research, Atmospheres, 105(D20): 24871-24880. Grant, P.F. and Nickling, W.G., 1998. Direct field measurement of wind drag on vegetation for application to windbreak design and monitoring. Land Degradation and Development, 9: 57-66. Nickling, W.G. and McKenna Neuman, C., 1997. Wind tunnel evaluation of a wedge-shaped aeolian sediment trap. Geomorphology, 18(3-4): 333-346. Wyatt, V.E. and Nickling, W.G., 1997. Drag and shear stress partioning in sparse desert creosote communities. Canadian Jornal of Earth Sciences, 34: 1486-1498. |
| N: -77.36601 | S: -77.36601 | E: 162.32004 | W: 162.32004 |
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| N: -77.6042 | S: -77.6042 | E: 163.13045 | W: 163.13045 |
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| N: -77.5227 | S: -77.5227 | E: 162.00787 | W: 162.00787 |
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Temporal Coverage
| Start Date: 2002-01-01 |
| Stop Date: 2003-02-28 |
Location Keywords
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CONTINENT
> ANTARCTICA
> MCMURDO DRY VALLEYS
GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR |
Science Keywords
| LAND SURFACE >EROSION/SEDIMENTATION >SEDIMENT TRANSPORT >SEDIMENT TRANSPORT RATES [Definition] |
| LAND SURFACE >EROSION/SEDIMENTATION >SEDIMENT TRANSPORT >SALTATION INTENSITY [Definition] |
| LAND SURFACE >EROSION/SEDIMENTATION [Definition] |
| LAND SURFACE >GEOMORPHOLOGY >EOLIAN LANDFORMS/PROCESSES [Definition] |
| LAND SURFACE >TOPOGRAPHY >SURFACE ROUGHNESS [Definition] |
| ATMOSPHERE >ATMOSPHERIC WINDS >BOUNDARY LAYER WINDS >WIND SPEED [Definition] |
ISO Topic Category
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CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE
ELEVATION ENVIRONMENT GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION |
Instrument
| ANEMOMETERS [Information] |
| SEDIMENT TRAPS [Information] |
| SONIC ANEMOMETER [Information] |
| TEMPERATURE SENSORS [Information] |
Keywords
| SALTATION INTENSITY |
| SURFACE SHEAR STRESS |
| BOUNDARY LAYER WIND SPEEDS |
| WIND FORCE |
| SAND MASS TRANSPORT RATES |
| NSF |
| OPP-0088136 |
| WIND SHEAR VELOCITY |
| AERODYNAMIC ROUGHNESS |
Data Set Progress
| IN WORK |
Data Center
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Division of Earth and Ecoystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute
[Information]
Data Center URL: http://www.dees.dri.edu/ Dataset ID: Aeolian processes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys
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Personnel
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NICHOLAS
LANCASTER Role: INVESTIGATOR Phone: 775 673-7304 Email: nick at dri.edu Contact Address: Desert Research Institute 2215 Raggio Parkway City: Reno Province or State: NV Postal Code: 89512 Country: USA |
Publications/References
Gillette, D.A. and Stockton, P.H., 1986. Mass momentum and kinetic energy
fluxes of saltating particles. In: W.G. Nickling (Editor), Aeolian
Geomorphology. Allen and Unwin, Boston, London, Sydney, pp. 35-56.
Gillies, J.A., Lancaster, N., Nickling, W.G. and Crawley, D., 2000. Field
determination of drag forces and shear stress partitioning effects for a desert
shrub (Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Greasewood). Journal of Geophysical Research,
Atmospheres, 105(D20): 24871-24880.
Grant, P.F. and Nickling, W.G., 1998. Direct field measurement of wind drag on
vegetation for application to windbreak design and monitoring. Land Degradation
and Development, 9: 57-66.
Nickling, W.G. and McKenna Neuman, C., 1997. Wind tunnel evaluation of a
wedge-shaped aeolian sediment trap. Geomorphology, 18(3-4): 333-346. Wyatt,
V.E. and Nickling, W.G., 1997. Drag and shear stress partioning in sparse
desert creosote communities. Canadian Jornal of Earth Sciences, 34: 1486-1498.
fluxes of saltating particles. In: W.G. Nickling (Editor), Aeolian
Geomorphology. Allen and Unwin, Boston, London, Sydney, pp. 35-56.
Gillies, J.A., Lancaster, N., Nickling, W.G. and Crawley, D., 2000. Field
determination of drag forces and shear stress partitioning effects for a desert
shrub (Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Greasewood). Journal of Geophysical Research,
Atmospheres, 105(D20): 24871-24880.
Grant, P.F. and Nickling, W.G., 1998. Direct field measurement of wind drag on
vegetation for application to windbreak design and monitoring. Land Degradation
and Development, 9: 57-66.
Nickling, W.G. and McKenna Neuman, C., 1997. Wind tunnel evaluation of a
wedge-shaped aeolian sediment trap. Geomorphology, 18(3-4): 333-346. Wyatt,
V.E. and Nickling, W.G., 1997. Drag and shear stress partioning in sparse
desert creosote communities. Canadian Jornal of Earth Sciences, 34: 1486-1498.
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
2004-07-23
Last DIF Revision Date:
2010-07-02
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