Abstract:
To understand the drivers and consequences of climate change on timescales important to humans, the paleoclimate of ice cores, the glacial system and local climate patterns were analysed from the Whitehall Glacier. GPR/GPS (8, 35, 200 and 500MHz) surveys were carried out to provide an image of the internal layering of the glacier and to map the topography of the bedrock-ice interface and internal
... flow structures beneath the glacier. Snow sequences were sampled with high (1cm) resolution for analysis on snow chemistry, isotopic composition, dust content and mineralogy. The ice cores and snow samples were measured for major cations, anions and methylsulfonate, trace elements, oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratio, gas analysis in ice core bubbles (CO2 and CH4), dust concentration and mineralogy, Si detection and tritium concentration and dating the ice core. A 100m core was extracted, measured and logged. Each 1m long core had its core temperature measured (within 5 mins of core recovery), weighed to calculate density and determine the depth of bubble close off and firn/ice transition and investigated for crystal structure, melt and dust/tephra layer occurrence. Analysis of volume, grain size and mineralogy was taken to determine the source and to infer wind pattern and strength. Small chips were used to study gas bubble properties (including porosity, gas bubble size and geometry). The borehole was measured for temperature and light penetrations after drilling. 
