Abstract:
Magnesium/calcium data from Southern Ocean planktonic foraminifera demonstrate
that high-latitude (~55°S) southwest Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs)
cooled 6° to 7°C during the middle Miocene climate transition (14.2 to 13.8
million years ago). Stepwise surface cooling is paced by eccentricity forcing
and precedes Antarctic cryosphere expansion by ~60 thousand years, suggesting
the
... involvement of additional feedbacks during this interval of inferred
low-atmospheric partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2). Comparing SSTs and global
carbon cycling proxies challenges the notion that episodic pCO2 drawdown drove
this major Cenozoic climate transition. SST, salinity, and ice-volume trends
suggest instead that orbitally paced ocean circulation changes altered
meridional heat/vapor transport, triggering ice growth and global cooling.