Atmospheric and Meteorological Data From the Kuwait Oil Fires Taken from Ground Observations

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Unknown

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title: Atmospheric and Meteorological Data From the Kuwait Oil Fires Taken from Ground Observations

Description:

Abstract:

Ground-based studies of the smoke and air quality from the Kuwait oil fires were carried out in 1991 at the end of the Persian Gulf War. Over 600 oil wells, storage tanks, and refineries were ignited by the Iraqi army as they fled Kuwait in Frebuary 1991. The fires produced large smoke plumes which had a significant environmental effect on the Persian Gulf region. Ground-based observations of the meteorology and air quality in the Persian Gulf region consist of both land-based surface observations and land-based upper air observations. Land-based surface observations consisted of: 1) MEPA - Mobile Air Quality Stations operating at 6 sites in Saudi Arabia. These stations measured meteorological parameters (pressure, relative humidity, temperature, and wind speed and direction), air chemistry (H2S,NH3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone and sulfur dioxide (SO2), and visible radiation; (2) National Meteorological Center (NMC) meteorological data from many different sites/airports/military installations in the Persian Gulf region; (3) wind measurements from 13 meteorological towers in Kuwait; (4) Obirin University, Tokyo, Japan air quality measurements at various sites in Kuwait City; (5) SAIC (sponsored by DNA) radiometers collected at the University of Bahrain and the Bahrain Meteorological Office. These include measurements from monochromators, Epply pyranometers, ultraviolet radiometers, and rotating shadowband radiometers. Upper air measurements and meteorological observations were obtained by the NMC at different ground sites throughout the Persian Gulf region. The Kuwait oil fire ground-observation data are organized by site. There were about 80-90 sites where measurements were conducted. The ground-based data can be ordered on-line at the Kuwait Data Archive (KUDA) via internet: telnet kuda.atd.ucar.edu (login: kuda; password: science). Access software is available to read the data and browse the metadata. Also see the KuDA Home Page at: 'http://www.atd.ucar.edu/kuwait/kuda_title.html'

Purpose:

Not Available

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: J. Geophys. Res. Vol 97, No. DVol. 97, D13, September 20, 1992. Special section on the Kuwait oil fire results.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19910101

Ending_Date: 19911231

Currentness_Reference:Unknown

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.0

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 60.0

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.0

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.0

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD SCIENCE PARAMETERS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD PLATFORM

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD INSTRUMENT

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ANCILLARY KEYWORDS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO TOPIC CATEGORY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > AEROSOLS > DUST/ASH/SMOKE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > AEROSOLS > PARTICULATE MATTER

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > AIR QUALITY > NITROGEN OXIDES

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > AIR QUALITY > PARTICULATES

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > AIR QUALITY > VISIBILITY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > TRACE ELEMENTS/TRACE METALS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > SURFACE PRESSURE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > HUMIDITY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > HUMIDITY > RELATIVE HUMIDITY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > WATER VAPOR > HUMIDITY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR > WATER VAPOR > RELATIVE HUMIDITY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > SOLAR RADIATION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS > CONTAMINANT LEVELS/SPILLS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS > FOSSIL FUEL BURNING

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS > GAS FLARING

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS > OIL SPILLS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > NON-METHANE HYDROCARBONS/VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > NITROGEN COMPOUNDS > NITROGEN DIOXIDE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > NITROGEN COMPOUNDS > NITROGEN OXIDES

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > NITROGEN COMPOUNDS > NITROUS OXIDE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN COMPOUNDS > OZONE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > SULFUR COMPOUNDS > SULFUR DIOXIDE

Theme_Keyword: GROUND STATIONS

Theme_Keyword: GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS

Theme_Keyword: ANEMOMETERS

Theme_Keyword: MONOCHROMATORS

Theme_Keyword: PYRANOMETERS

Theme_Keyword: RADIOMETERS

Theme_Keyword: Air Pollution

Theme_Keyword: Airports

Theme_Keyword: Ammonium

Theme_Keyword: Bahrain

Theme_Keyword: Benzo(a)pyrene

Theme_Keyword: Cloud Fraction

Theme_Keyword: Dew Point Temperature

Theme_Keyword: Dna

Theme_Keyword: Dod

Theme_Keyword: Doe

Theme_Keyword: Epa

Theme_Keyword: H2s

Theme_Keyword: Hydrogen Sulfide

Theme_Keyword: Infrared Radiation

Theme_Keyword: Ir Radiation

Theme_Keyword: Kuwait

Theme_Keyword: Kuwait Oil Fires

Theme_Keyword: Mepa

Theme_Keyword: Meteorological Towers

Theme_Keyword: Middle East

Theme_Keyword: N2o

Theme_Keyword: Nh3

Theme_Keyword: Nmc

Theme_Keyword: No2

Theme_Keyword: Noaa

Theme_Keyword: Nox

Theme_Keyword: Nsf

Theme_Keyword: O3

Theme_Keyword: Obirin University

Theme_Keyword: Oil Fires

Theme_Keyword: Particulate Concentrations

Theme_Keyword: Persian Gulf

Theme_Keyword: Saic

Theme_Keyword: Saudi Arabia

Theme_Keyword: Sea-level Pressure

Theme_Keyword: Smoke

Theme_Keyword: So2

Theme_Keyword: Sulfur Dioxide

Theme_Keyword: Ultraviolet Radiation

Theme_Keyword: Uv Radiation

Theme_Keyword: Visible Radiation

Theme_Keyword: Wind Recorder

Theme_Keyword: CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE

Theme_Keyword: ENVIRONMENT

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD

Place_Keyword: OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN > ARABIAN SEA > PERSIAN GULF

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ASIA > WESTERN ASIA > MIDDLE EAST > KUWAIT

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ASIA > MIDDLE EAST

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ASIA > WESTERN ASIA > MIDDLE EAST

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > EQUATORIAL

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > MID-LATITUDE

Place_Keyword: VERTICAL LOCATION > BOUNDARY LAYER

Place_Keyword: VERTICAL LOCATION > TROPOSPHERE

Access_Constraints: Not Available

Use_Constraints:

Not Available

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: JULIE HAGGERTY

Contact_Position: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: National Center for Atmospheric Research

Address: ATD/RAF

Address: P.O. Box 3000

City: Boulder

State_or_Province: CO

Postal_Code: 80307

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-497-1090

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: haggerty@ucar.edu

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Not Available

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Not Available

Completeness_Report:

Not Available

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Not Available

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: UCAR/NCAR/EOL > Earth Observing Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research

Contact_Person: JULIE HAGGERTY

Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: National Center for Atmospheric Research

Address: ATD/RAF

Address: P.O. Box 3000

City: Boulder

State_or_Province: CO

Postal_Code: 80307

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 303-497-1090

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: haggerty@ucar.edu

Resource_Description: KUDA_GROUND_OBS

Distribution_Liability:

Not Available

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: Not Available

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.eol.ucar.edu/

Access_Instructions:

DATA CENTER URL

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Fees: Not Available

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date:

Metadata_Review_Date: 20040304

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: GENE R. MAJOR

Contact_Position: DIF AUTHOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gsfc-gcmduso@mail.nasa.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time