Arctic Environmental Change of the Last Four Centuries

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: J. Overpeck, K. Hughen, D. Hardy, R. Bradley, R. Case, M. Douglas, B. Finney, K. Gajewski, G. Jacoby, A. Jennings, S. Lamoureux, A. Lasca, G. MacDonald, J. Moore, M. Retelle, S. Smith, A. Wolfe, & G. Zielinski

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title: Arctic Environmental Change of the Last Four Centuries

Edition:

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:

Series_Information:

Series_Name: IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 1997-033

Issue_Identification: 1997-033

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Boulder, CO

Publisher: IGBP/PAGES/WDC Paleoclimatology

Other_Citation_Details:

NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program

Online_Linkage: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/sciencepub/front.htm

Description:

Abstract:

Abstract (from the online documentation): A compilation of paleoclimate records from lake sediments, trees, glaciers, and marine sediments provides a view of circum-Arctic environmental variability over the last 400 years. From 1840 to the mid-20th century, the Arctic warmed to the highest levels in four centuries. This warming ended the Little Ice Age in the Arctic and has caused dramatic retreats of glaciers, melting of permafrost and sea-ice, and alteration of terrestrial and lake ecosystems. Although significant warming, particularly after 1920, was likely due to increases in atmospheric trace-gases, the initiation of the warming in the mid-19th century suggests that increased solar irradiance, decreased volcanic activity, and feedbacks internal to the climate system played roles. For graphics and discussion of the data from this paper, see the web site http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/paleo/sciencepub/front.htm

Purpose:

Not Available

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: J. Overpeck, K. Hughen, D. Hardy, R. Bradley, R. Case, M. Douglas, B. Finney, K. Gajewski, G. Jacoby, A. Jennings, S. Lamoureux, A. Lasca, G. MacDonald, J. Moore, M. Retelle,Ê S. Smith, A. Wolfe, & G. Zielinski. 1997. Arctic Environmental Change of the Last Four Centuries, Science, v. 278, n. 5341 p. 1251-1256.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 16000101

Ending_Date: 20001231

Currentness_Reference:Unknown

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -180.0

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 180.0

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 90.0

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 50.0

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD SCIENCE PARAMETERS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: PROJECT

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ANCILLARY KEYWORDS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO TOPIC CATEGORY

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: DATA SET LANGUAGE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION > SOLAR IRRADIANCE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > VEGETATION > TREE RINGS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > SEA ICE CONCENTRATION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SNOW/ICE > LAKE ICE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE > GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS > GLACIERS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > ICE CORE RECORDS > ISOTOPES

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > ICE CORE RECORDS > PARTICULATE MATTER

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > LAND RECORDS > TREE RINGS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS > LAKE LEVELS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS > RADIOCARBON

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS > SEDIMENTS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS > STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > PALEOCLIMATE > OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS > VARVE DEPOSITS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > SUN-EARTH INTERACTIONS > SOLAR ACTIVITY > SOLAR IRRADIANCE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SEA ICE > SEA ICE CONCENTRATION

Theme_Keyword: PAGES > PAST GLOBAL CHANGES, IGBP

Theme_Keyword: Climate Reconstruction

Theme_Keyword: Proxy

Theme_Keyword: Global Warming

Theme_Keyword: Climate Change

Theme_Keyword: Permafrost

Theme_Keyword: Sea Ice

Theme_Keyword: Solar Irradiance

Theme_Keyword: Forcing

Theme_Keyword: Marine Sediments

Theme_Keyword: Lake Sediments

Theme_Keyword: Tree-ring Records

Theme_Keyword: Circum-arctic

Theme_Keyword: BIOTA

Theme_Keyword: CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE

Theme_Keyword: GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION

Theme_Keyword: INLAND WATERS

Theme_Keyword: OCEANS

Theme_Keyword: ENGLISH

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > EUROPE > EASTERN EUROPE > RUSSIA

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > GREENLAND

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > CANADA

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > ARCTIC

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > EUROPE > NORTHERN EUROPE

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Access_Constraints: Not Available

Use_Constraints:

Not Available

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: JONATHAN T. OVERPECK

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: KONRAD A. HUGHEN

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: D HARDY

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: RAYMOND S. BRADLEY

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: R. CASE

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: M. DOUGLAS

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: BRUCE P. FINNEY

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: KONRAD GAJEWSKI

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: GORDON C. JACOBY, JR.

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: A. JENNINGS

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: S. LAMOUREUX

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: A. LASCA

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: GLEN M. MACDONALD

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: J. MOORE

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: M. RETELLE

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: S. SMITH

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: A. WOLFE

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: GREGORY A. ZIELINSKI

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Institute of the Environment

Address: Department of Geosciences

Address: University of Arizona

City: Tucson

State_or_Province: AZ

Postal_Code: 85721-0077

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Geosciences

Address: University Of Massachusetts

City: Amherst

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 01003

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Geosciences

Address: University of Massachusetts

City: Amherst

State_or_Province: Massachusetts

Postal_Code: 01003

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Geography

Address: University of California

City: Los Angeles

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 90095

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Geology

Address: University of Toronto

City: Toronto

State_or_Province: Ontario

Postal_Code: M5S 3B1

Country: CANADA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Institute of Marine Science

Address: University of Alaska

City: Fairbanks

State_or_Province: AK

Postal_Code: 99775

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Laboratory for Paleoclimatology and Climatology

Address: University of Ottawa

Address: Department of Geography

Address: Simard Building

Address: 165 Waller Street

City: Ottawa

State_or_Province: Ontario

Postal_Code: K1N 6N5

Country: Canada

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Tree-Ring Laboratory

Address: Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory

City: Palisades

State_or_Province: NY

Postal_Code: 10964

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: INSTAAR

Address: University of Colorado

City: Boulder CO

Postal_Code: 80309

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences

Address: University of Alberta

City: Edmonton

State_or_Province: Alberta

Postal_Code: T6G 2H3

Country: CANADA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Geology Department

Address: Bates College

City: Lewiston

State_or_Province: ME

Postal_Code: 04204

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Geography

Address: 405 Hilgard Ave.

Address: University of California

City: Los Angeles

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 90095

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: INSTAAR

Address: University of Colorado

City: Boulder CO

Postal_Code: 80309

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Geology Department

Address: Bates College

City: Lewiston

State_or_Province: ME

Postal_Code: 04204

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Geosciences

Address: University Of Massachusetts

City: Amherst

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 01003

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: INSTAAR

Address: University of Colorado

City: Boulder CO

Postal_Code: 80309

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Climate Change Institute

Address: 318 Bryand Global Sciences Center

Address: University of Maine

City: Orono

State_or_Province: ME

Postal_Code: 04469-5790

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 289-3353

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +01-613-562-5800 ext.1327

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (310) 825-2568

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 207-581-3441

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +01-613-562-5145

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (310) 206-5976

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 207-581-1203

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jto@email.arizona.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: khughen@whoi.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rbradley@geo.umass.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gajewski@aix1.uottawa.ca

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: macdonal@geog.ucla.edu

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gzielinski@maine.edu

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Not Available

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Not Available

Completeness_Report:

Not Available

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Not Available

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: WDC/PALEOCLIMATOLOGY, BOULDER > World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder

Contact_Person: WDC/PALEOCLIMATOLOGY, BOULDER

Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: World Data Center for Paleoclimatology

Address: NOAA/NCDC Code E/GCx3

Address: 325 Broadway

City: Boulder

State_or_Province: CO

Postal_Code: 80303

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +1 (303) 497-6160

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +1 (303) 497-6513

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: paleo@noaa.gov

Resource_Description: NOAA_NCDC_PALEO_ARCTIC

Distribution_Liability:

Not Available

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: text

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/

Access_Instructions:

DATA CENTER URL

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/b...

Access_Instructions:

Access to data files

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/sciencepub/figure1....

Access_Instructions:

Access to data files through interactive web

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/sciencepub/front.ht...

Access_Instructions:

Information on Arctic data set

Fees: None

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20040330

Metadata_Review_Date: 20120831

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: GCMD User Support Office

Contact_Organization: NASA Global Change Master Directory

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Not Available

City: Lanham

State_or_Province: MD

Postal_Code: 20706

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: Not Available

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gcmduso@gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time