Tropical/Northern Hemisphere Teleconnection Pattern

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: NOAA/NWS/CPC

Publication_Date: ongoing

Title: Tropical/Northern Hemisphere Teleconnection Pattern

Edition:

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:

Series_Information:

Series_Name: NOAA/NWS/CPC Indices and Forecasts

Issue_Identification:

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Camp Springs, MD

Publisher: NOAA National Weather Service, Center for Climate Prediction

Other_Citation_Details:

Online_Linkage: http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/teledoc/tnh.shtml

Description:

Abstract:

[Source: NOAA Climate Prediction Center, http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/ ] The Tropical/ Northern Hemisphere pattern was first classified by Mo and Livezey (1986), and appears as a prominent mode from November-February. The pattern consists of one primary anomaly center over the Gulf of Alaska and a separate anomaly center of opposite sign over the Hudson Bay. A weaker area of anomalies having similar sign to the Gulf of Alaska anomaly extends across Mexico and the extreme southeastern United States. This pattern reflects large-scale changes in both the location and eastward extent of the Pacific jet stream, and also in the strength and position of the climatological mean Hudson Bay Low. Thus, the pattern significantly modulates the flow of marine air into North America, as well as the southward transport of cold Canadian air into the north-central United States. Pronounced negative phases of the TNH pattern are often observed during December and January when Pacific warm (ENSO) episode conditions are present (Barnston et al. 1991). One recent example of this is the 1994/95 winter season, when mature Pacific warm episode conditions and a strong negative phase of the TNH pattern were present. During this period, the mean Hudson Bay trough was much weaker than normal and shifted northeastward toward the Labrador Sea. Additionally, the Pacific jet stream was much stronger than normal and shifted southward to central California, well south of its climatological mean position in the Pacific Northwest. This flow pattern brought well above-normal temperatures to eastern North America and above-normal rainfall to the southwestern United States. In contrast, positive phases of the TNH pattern tend to accompany Pacific cold events. An example is the very persistent positive phase of the TNH pattern during 1988/89 -1990/91, which developed in apparent association with the strong 1988/89 Pacific cold event.

Purpose:

Not Available

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Barnston, A.G., and R.E. Livezey, 1987: Classification, seasonality and persistence of low - frequency atmospheric circulation patterns. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1083-1126. Barnston, A.G., R.E. Livezey, and M.S. Halpert, 1991. Modulation of Southern Oscillation-Northern Hemisphere mid-winter climate relationships by the QBO. J. of Climate. 4: 203-217. Mo, K. C., and R. E. Livezey, 1986: Tropical-extratropical geopotential height teleconnections during the Northern Hemisphere winter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 2488-2515.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19500101

Ending_Date: Unknown

Currentness_Reference:Unknown

Status:

Progress: In Work

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -180.0

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 180.0

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 90.0

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 0.0

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD SCIENCE PARAMETERS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ANCILLARY KEYWORDS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO TOPIC CATEGORY

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: DATA SET LANGUAGE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ALTITUDE > GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > OSCILLATIONS > TROPICAL/NORTHERN HEMISPHERE PATTERN

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > PRESSURE ANOMALIES

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > UPPER LEVEL WINDS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > TELECONNECTIONS > EL NINO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION (ENSO)

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > TELECONNECTIONS > QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > TELECONNECTIONS > TROPICAL/NORTHERN HEMISPHERE PATTERN

Theme_Keyword: Tropical/northern Hemisphere Pattern

Theme_Keyword: Tnh

Theme_Keyword: Climate Index

Theme_Keyword: Climate Indices

Theme_Keyword: Forecast Indices

Theme_Keyword: Atmospheric Circulation

Theme_Keyword: Climate Change

Theme_Keyword: Teleconnections

Theme_Keyword: CLIMATOLOGY/METEOROLOGY/ATMOSPHERE

Theme_Keyword: ENGLISH

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD

Place_Keyword: OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN

Place_Keyword: OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN > GULF OF ALASKA

Place_Keyword: OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN

Place_Keyword: OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > NORTHERN HEMISPHERE

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > TROPICS

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD

Temporal_Keyword: Daily, Monthly, Seasonal

Temporal_Keyword: Monthly - < Annual

Access_Constraints: Not Available

Use_Constraints:

Not Available

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: SCOTT A. RITZ

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: ED O'LENIC

Contact_Position: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Contact_Position: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Address: Global Change Master Directory

City: Greenbelt

State_or_Province: Maryland

Postal_Code: 20771

Country: USA

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-614-5126

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-614-5268

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Scott.A.Ritz@nasa.gov

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Ed.Olenic@noaa.gov

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Not Available

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Not Available

Completeness_Report:

Not Available

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Not Available

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: DOC/NOAA/NWS/NCEP/CPC > Climate Prediction Center, National Centers for Environmental Prediction, National Weather Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce

Contact_Person: ED O'LENIC

Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Ed.Olenic@noaa.gov

Resource_Description: Tropical/Northern Hemisphere Pattern

Distribution_Liability:

Not Available

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: ascii

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/

Access_Instructions:

DATA CENTER URL

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/teledoc/tnh.shtm...

Access_Instructions:

Access to TNH documentation, graphs and data

Fees: None

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20030220

Metadata_Review_Date: 20091105

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: GCMD User Support Office

Contact_Organization: NASA Global Change Master Directory

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Not Available

City: Lanham

State_or_Province: MD

Postal_Code: 20706

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: Not Available

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gcmduso@gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time