Ice shelf - ocean interaction in the cavity beneath the Amery Ice Shelf

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Unknown

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title: Ice shelf - ocean interaction in the cavity beneath the Amery Ice Shelf

Description:

Abstract:

---- Public Summary from Project ---- Most of the snow falling on inland Antarctica drains via large ice streams and floating ice shelves to the sea where it lost by iceberg calving or as melt beneath the shelves. Ocean interaction beneath the shelves is complicated, and regions of basal refreezing as well as melt occur. These processes are important not only because they are a major component of the Antarctic mass budget, but because they also modify the characteristics of the ocean, influencing the formation of Antarctic Bottom Water which plays a major role in the global ocean circulation. The processes are sensitive to climate change, and shifts in ocean temperature or circulation near Antarctica could lead to the disappearance of all Antarctic ice shelves. The Amery Ice Shelf is the major embayed shelf in East Antarctica, and the subject of considerable previous ANARE investigation. Ocean interaction processes occurring beneath the shelf are only poorly understood, and this project will directly measure water characteristics and circulation in the cavity underneath the ice shelf, and the rates of melt and freezing on the bottom of the shelf. These measurements will be made through a number of access holes melted through the shelf. The project is closely linked with other projects investigating the circulation and interactions in the open ocean to the north of the shelf, and studies of the ice shelf flow and mass budget. There will be child records for each of the following data sets: AM01 and AM01 b boreholes * CTD profiles through water column * CTD annual records at selected depths * Ocean current profiles through water column * Temperature measurements through ice shelf and across ice-water interface * Small ice core samples * 0.5 m sea floor sediment core * Video footage of borehole walls (including marine ice) and sea floor benthos * GPS records of surface tidal motion * Video AM02 borehole * CTD profiles through water column * CTD annual records at selected depths * Borehole diameter caliper profiles * Temperature measurements through ice shelf and across ice-water interface * 1.5 m sea floor sediment core * GPS records (surface elevation, ice motion) AM03 borehole * Aquadopp current meter data * Brancker thermistor data * Caliper data * FSI-CTD profile data * Drilling parameters data * Seabird MicroCAT CTD moorings at three depths in ocean cavity beneath the shelf * Video AM04 borehole * Aquadopp current meter data * Brancker thermistor data * Caliper data * FSI-CTD profile data * Drilling parameters data * Seabird MicroCAT CTD moorings at three depths in ocean cavity beneath the shelf * Video AM05 borehole * Aquadopp current meter data * Caliper data * FSI-CTD profile data * Drilling parameters data * Seabird MicroCAT CTD moorings in ocean cavity beneath the shelf AM06 borehole * Aquadopp current meter data * Caliper data * FSI-CTD profile data * Drilling parameters data * Seabird MicroCAT CTD moorings in ocean cavity beneath the shelf Taken from the 2008-2009 Progress Report: Progress Against Objectives: The work undertaken in the past 12 months has continued to relate chiefly to the first of our objectives - "quantify the characteristics and circulation of ocean water in the cavity beneath the Amery Ice Shelf". Data from the AMISOR project have provided the first record of a seasonal cycle of ice shelf-ocean interaction. After recovering the 2008 data we now have near-continuous oceanographic data from beneath the Amery at 3 different depths for 6, 6, 3, and 3 years from 4 different sites. Note that the instruments at AM01 and AM02 (6 annual cycles of data each) are no longer recording due to expiration of the onboard batteries (3-5 years expected life cycle). This allows us to investigate the "real" 3-D, seasonally varying, circulation and melt/freezing cycle beneath an ice shelf - rather than the steady state, simplified "2-D ice pump circulation" that has mostly been assumed previously. As much as 80% of the continental ice that flows into the Amery Ice Shelf from the Lambert Glacier basin is lost as basal melt melt beneath the southern part of the shelf, but a considerable amount of ice is also frozen onto the base in the north-western part of the shelf. These processes of melt and refreezing are due to a pattern of water circulation beneath the ice shelf which is driven by sea ice formation outside the front of the shelf. Our multi-year data from 4 sites beneath the Amery ice shelf show that there is a very strong seasonal cycle in the characteristics of the ocean water beneath the shelf, and strong interseasonal variability in this. The seasonal cycle is driven mostly by the seasonal cycle of sea ice formation and decay in Prydz Bay, and interseasonal variations are due to differences in the general ocean circulation, and in particular the upwelling of Circumpolar Deep Water onto the continental shelf in Prydz Bay. The melt and freeze processes beneath the ice shelf, also themselves modify the water characteristics. Taken from the 2009-2010 Progress Report: The AMISOR project drilled two new 600 m deep boreholes on the Amery Ice Shelf in 2009-10: the first on the marine ice flowline to enhance understanding of the re-freezing process beneath the shelf; and the second in a region of known interest with respect to circulation patterns in the ocean cavity below the shelf. Instrument deployments at both sites should provide valuable annual cycle data over the next 4-5 years.

Purpose:

Not Available

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M., Elcheikh A., Brand R., Jones N. 2002 Hot water drilling on the Amery Ice Shelf - the AMISOR project. Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special Issue. 56 217-225

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Fricker H.A., Popov S., Allison I., Young N.W. 2001 Distribution of marine ice beneath the Amery Ice Shelf. Geophysical Research Letters 28 11 2241-2244

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Jacka T.H., and the ISMASS Committee 2004 Recommendations for the collection and synthesis of Antarctic Ice Sheet mass balance data. Global and Planetary Change 42 1-15

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M., Allison I., Brand R., Elcheikh A., Hunter J., Hener M., Donoghue S. 2004 Initial borehole results from the Amery Ice Shelf hot-water drilling project. Annals of Glaciology 39 531-539

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Young N.W., Hyland G. 2002 Velocity and strain rates derived from InSAR analysis over the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 34 228-234

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Fricker H.A., Young N.W., Allison I., Coleman R. 2002 Iceberg calving from the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 34 241-246

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M., Carsey F., Nicol S. 2006 Ice krill under the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Antarctic Science 18 1 81-82

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M., Carsey F., Behar A., Matthews J., Brand R., Elcheikh A., Hall S., Treverrow A. 2005 Borehole imagery of meteoric and marine ice layers in the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology 51 172 75-84

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Roberts D., Craven M., Cai M., Allison I., Nash G. 2006 Protists in the marine ice of the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Polar Biology doi 10.1007/s003000-0006-0169-7

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Riddle M.J., Craven M., Goldsworthy P.M., Carsey F. 2007 A diverse benthic assemblage 100 km from open water under the Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica Paleoceanography 22 PA1204 doi:10.1029/2006PA001327

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Post A.L., Hemer M.A., O'Brien P.E., Roberts D., Craven M. 2007 History of benthic colonisation beneath the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica Marine Ecology Progress Series 344 doi: 10.3354/meps06966

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Hemer M.A., Post A.L., O'Brien P.E., Craven M., Truswell E.M., Roberts D., Harris P.T. 2007 Sedimentological signatures of the sub-Amery Ice Shelf circulation Antarctic Science DOI: 10.1017/S0954 102007000697

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Hemer M.A., Harris P.T. 2003 Sediment core from beneath the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, suggests mid-Holocene ice-shelf retreat Geology 31 2 127-130

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Maraldi C., Galton-Fenzi B., Lyard F., Testut L., Coleman R. 2007 Barotrophic tides of the Southern Indian Ocean and the Amery Ice Shelf cavity Geophysical Research Letters 34 L18602 doi:10.1029/2007GL030900

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Cai M.-H., Li Y.-S., Allison I., Curran M.A.J. 2006 Chemical and biological properties of marine ice from the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Abstracts of the SCAR Open Science Conference 0256/313 Hobart, 12-14 July 2006

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Post A.L., Hemer M.A., Roberts D., O'Brien P.E., Craven M. 2006 Life beneath the ice: A history of benthic colonisation beneath the Amery Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Abstracts of the SCAR Open Science Conference 0153/112 Hobart, 12-14 July 2006

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Galton-Fenzi B.K., Tassell H., McMahon K., Coleman R., Hunter J., Pedro J. 2006 Observing the ice pump under the Amery Ice Shelf Abstracts of the SCAR Open Science Conference 0412/313 Hobart, 12-14 July 2006

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Carsey F.D., Behar A., Engelhardt H., Craven M., Vogel S., Christoffersen P 2004 Study of Ice Sheet Basal Processes With Visible Light Images Acquired from a Borehole Probe AGU Fall Meeting 85 47 Session: Uses of Photography in Cryospheric Studies, 13-17 December 2004 C42A-08

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Allison I., Hunter J., Craven M. 2005 Spatial and seasonal variability of ice-ocean interaction beneath the Amery Ice Shelf Conference Program and Abstract Book: Dynamic Planet 2005 79 82 Cairns, Australia, August 22-26, 2005

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Allison I. 2003 Climate interactions in the marine cryosphere. Abstract Volume, XXIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics B.63 Sapporo, Japan. July 2003 JSM10/07P/B23-001

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Allison I., Fricker H., Craven M., Young N. 2003 The AMISOR project: Amery Ice Shelf dynamics and ice-ocean interaction. Abstract Volume, XXIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics B.64 Sapporo, Japan. July 2003 JSM10/7P/B23-007

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Rapley C., Bell R.E., Allison I., and 12 others 2004 A new phase of polar exploration and understanding: the International Polar Year - 2007-2008 SCAR Open Science Conference "Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the Global Systems" Bremen, Germany, 25-31 July 2004

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M., Brand R., Elcheikh A., Hall S., Treverrow A, Matthews J 2004 AMISOR-4 2003-04 AM01b Summer Field Report "Run away, run away..."

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M. 2003 On the Shoulders of Giants - Part 3: The AMISOR Project 2001-02. Aurora 22 3 14-17

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Hunter J., Hemer M., Craven M. 2004 Modelling the Circulation Under the Amery Ice Shelf. Proceedings of the 17th International FRISP Workshop, Cambridge, U.K. 15 1-6 FRISP Report

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Leffanue H., Craven M. 2004 Circulation and water masses from current meter and T/S measurements at the Amery Ice Shelf. Smedsrud L. 15 73-79 FRISP Report

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Allison I. 2003 The AMISOR project: ice shelf dynamics and ice-ocean interaction of the Amery Ice Shelf. 16th International FRISP Workshop in Bergen 14 9 Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Allison I. 2003 The AMISOR project: ice shelf dynamics and ice-ocean interaction of the Amery Ice Shelf. 16th International FRISP Workshop in Bergen 14 9 Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway,FRISP Report

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Treverrow A., Warner R.C., Craven M., Budd W.F. 2007 Crystallography of the Amery Ice Shelf Marine and Meteoric Ice Observations Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems CRC Symposium Hobart, 2007

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M., Rasch D., Brand R., Drinkell A., Donoghue S., Pedro J. 2006 Borehole imagery within and beneath the Amery Ice Shelf Abstracts of the SCAR Open Science Conference Hobart, 12-14 July 2006 0196/313 (Poster)

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Craven M. 2004 AMISOR Trilogy: The diesel and the dog. Australian Antarctic Magazine 6 18-19

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Allison I. 2001 Peephole through the ice: the AMISOR project. Australian Antarctic Magazine 20-21

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20000101

Ending_Date: Unknown

Currentness_Reference:Unknown

Status:

Progress: In Work

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.37

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 72.64

North_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.19

South_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.56

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD SCIENCE PARAMETERS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD PLATFORM

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ANCILLARY KEYWORDS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO TOPIC CATEGORY

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: DATA SET LANGUAGE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SNOW/ICE > ICE DEPTH/THICKNESS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > GLACIERS/ICE SHEETS > ICE SHEETS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SNOW/ICE > SNOW/ICE TEMPERATURE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > SEDIMENT COMPOSITION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > SEDIMENTATION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CIRCULATION > OCEAN CURRENTS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > THERMOCLINE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > CONDUCTIVITY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SNOW/ICE > SNOW/ICE CHEMISTRY

Theme_Keyword: GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS

Theme_Keyword: FIELD INVESTIGATION

Theme_Keyword: Amery Ice Shelf

Theme_Keyword: Amisor

Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry

Theme_Keyword: Hot Water Drill

Theme_Keyword: Ice Cores

Theme_Keyword: Ice Thickness

Theme_Keyword: Salinity

Theme_Keyword: Sediments

Theme_Keyword: Temperature

Theme_Keyword: Velocity

Theme_Keyword: GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION

Theme_Keyword: INLAND WATERS

Theme_Keyword: OCEANS

Theme_Keyword: ENGLISH

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD

Place_Keyword: OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Access_Constraints: Currently only data greater than two years old is publicly available. More data will come on line as further seasonal uploads are conducted. A summary excel file is available for download from the URL given below.

Use_Constraints:

This data set conforms to the PICCCBY Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Please follow instructions listed in the citation reference provided at http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/metadata/citation.cfm?entry_id=ASAC_1164 when using these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: IAN ALLISON

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: MIKE CRAVEN

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Position: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Contact_Position: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Contact_Position: DIF AUTHOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Australian Antarctic Division

Address: 203 Channel Highway

City: Kingston

State_or_Province: Tasmania

Postal_Code: 7050

Country: Australia

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: 203 Channel Highway

Address: Australian Antarctic Division

City: Kingston

State_or_Province: Tasmania

Postal_Code: 7050

Country: Australia

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +61 3 6226 7648

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +61 3 6226 7876

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +61 3 6226 7650

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +61 3 6226 6902

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ian.allison@aad.gov.au

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: m.craven@utas.edu.au

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

See Readme files in the download files of the child metadata records for details of data quality and equipment down-time. Note - depths provided in spatial coverage are referenced back to sea level. The minimum depth asl refers to the height of the ice surface.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Not Available

Completeness_Report:

Not Available

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Not Available

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: AU/AADC > Australian Antarctic Data Centre, Australia

Contact_Person: DATA OFFICER AADC

Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Australian Antarctic Division

Address: 203 Channel Highway

City: Kingston

State_or_Province: Tasmania

Postal_Code: 7050

Country: Australia

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +61 3 6232 3244

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +61 3 6232 3351

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: metadata@aad.gov.au

Resource_Description: ASAC_1164

Distribution_Liability:

Not Available

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: excel

Transfer_Size: 11 kb

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://data.aad.gov.au

Access_Instructions:

DATA CENTER URL

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/portal/download_file.c...

Access_Instructions:

Download point for the data

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://secure3.aad.gov.au/proms/public/projects/r...

Access_Instructions:

Public information for ASAC project 1164

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/metadata/citation.cfm?...

Access_Instructions:

Citation reference for this metadata record and dataset

Fees: Free

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20000809

Metadata_Review_Date: 20121105

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: MIKE CRAVEN

Contact_Position: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Contact_Position: DIF AUTHOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: 203 Channel Highway

Address: Australian Antarctic Division

City: Kingston

State_or_Province: Tasmania

Postal_Code: 7050

Country: Australia

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +61 3 6226 7876

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +61 3 6226 6902

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: m.craven@utas.edu.au

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time