Fungi isolates from physical samples (soil, rock, wood, foodstuff, air, artifacts, etc) from heroic era sites in the Ross Sea Region to determine fungal biodiversity

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Unknown

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title: Fungi isolates from physical samples (soil, rock, wood, foodstuff, air, artifacts, etc) from heroic era sites in the Ross Sea Region to determine fungal biodiversity

Description:

Abstract:

Physical samples of soil, rocks, wood, foodstuffs, air and artifacts were collected from six Heroic era sites in the Ross Sea Region over the period of January 1999 to January 2008. These sites included the three historic huts at Hut Point, Cape Evans and Cape Royds on Ross Island (from 1998-2008), the historic hut at Cape Adare (2002-2003), the rock hut at Cape Crozier (2000-2001) and the Granite house at Cape Geology, Granite Harbour (2002-2003). Fungi were isolated from these samples using a variety of techniques (including spore traps), media and temperatures. The results from these studies were used to determine fungal biodiversity, the effect of the introduction of a nutrient source in a pristine environment on native fungal species, the impact of humans, and introduction of foreign fungi into a harsh environment. The fungi isolated from these locations have been studied to determine adaption/survival strategies. All cultures are held in culture collections at The Universities of Waikato and Minnesota. Huts and artifacts were digitally videotaped to compare the rate of deterioration from year to year. January 1990 samples: Hut Point >100 samples, Cape Evans >200 samples, Cape Royds >200 samples; December 1999 samples Hut Point >50 samples, Cape Evans >130 samples, Cape Royds >90 samples Physical samples were collected in January 2012 from three Heroic era sites in Ross Sea Region, these included the two historic huts at Hut Point, and Cape Royds on Ross Island, and on Observation Hill, Memorial Cross. Additionally, physical samples (air, wood splinters, swabs of hut and wood) were taken in the interior and exterior of the USAP Hut and latrine at Cape Crozier. These continue the work from K021 over the period of January 1999 to January 2011. Microbes (fungi, bacteria, potentially bacteriophages) were isolated from these samples using a variety of techniques, media and temperatures. In 2010-2011 high resolution 3D images and scanning of the Heroic era sites commenced. The scanning of hut interiors and historical artifacts and wooden surfaces subject to physical ablation and fungal spore growth. These images provide a basis for the accurate determination of deterioration processes and provide an invaluable resource for future conservation and restoration processes. Further scanning and images were added in 2011-2012 increasing the data base.

Purpose:

Not Available

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Blanchette, R.A., Held, B.W., Arenz, B.E., Jurgens, J.A., Baltes, N.J., Duncan, S.M. and Farrell, R.L. 2010. An Antarctic hot spot for fungi at Shackleton’s historic hut on Cape Royds. Microbial Ecology 60(1): 29-38. doi: 10.1007/s00248-010-9664z

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Duncan, S.M., Farrell, R.L., Jordan, N., Jurgens, J.A. and Blanchette, R.A. 2010. Monitoring and identification of airborne fungi at historic locations on Ross Island, Antarctica. Polar Science (in press) doi:10.1016/j.polar.2010.03.008

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Wery, N., Gerike, U., Sharman, A., Chaudhuri, J.B., Hough, D.W. and Danson, M.J. 2009. Use of a packed column bioreactor for isolation of diverse protease-producing bacteria from Antarctic soil. Applied and environmental microbiology 69: 1457-1464.

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Blanchette, R.A., Held, B.W. And Farrell, R.L. 2002. Defibration of wood in the expedition huts of Antarctica: an unusual deterioration process occurring in the polar environment. Polar Record 38: 313-322.

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Blanchette, R.A., Held, B.W., Jurgens, J.A., Aislabie, J., Duncan, S. And Farrell, R.L. 2004. Environmental pollutants from the Scott and Shackleton expeditions during the 'Heroic Age' of Antarctica exploration. Polar Record 40: 143-151.

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Blanchette, R.A., Held, B.W., Jurgens, J.A., McNew, D.L., Harrington, T.C., Duncan, S.M. And Farrell, R.A. 2004. Wood-destroying soft rot fungi in the historic expedition huts of Antarctica. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70: 1328-1335.

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Held, B.W., Jurgens, J.A., Duncan, S.M., Farrell, R.L. And Blanchette, R.A. 2005. Assessment of fungal diversity and deterioration in a wooden structure at New Harbour, Antarctica. Polar Biology DOI 10.1004/s00300-005-0084-3

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Held, B.W., Jurgens, J.A., Arenz, B.E., Duncan, S.M., Farrell, R.L. And Blachette, R.A. 2005. Environmental factors influencing microbial growth inside the historic expedition huts of Ross Island, Antarctica. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 55: 45-53.

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Duncan, S.M., Farrell, R.L., Thwaites, J.M., Held, B.W., Arenz, B.E., Jurgens, J.A. And Blanchette, R.A. 2006. Endoglucanase-producing fungi isolated from Cape Evans historic expedition hut on Ross Island, Antarctica. Environmental Microbiology 8:1212-1219

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Arenz, B.E., Held, B.W., Jurgens, J.A., Farrell, R.L. And Blanchette, R.A. 2006. Fungal diversity in soils and historic wood from the Ross Sea Region of Antarctica. Soil and Biology and Biochemistry 38: 3057-3064.

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Duncan, S.M., Minasaki, R., Farrell, R.A., Thwaites, J.M., Held, B.W., Arena, B.E., Jurgens, J.A. and Blanchette, R.A. 2008. Screening fungi isolated from historic Discovery Hut on Ross Island, Antarctica for cellulose degradation. Antarctic Science DOI: 10.1017/S0954102008001314

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Farrell, R. L., R. A. Blanchette, M. Auger, S. M. Duncan, B. W. Held, J. A. Jurgens, and R. Minasaki. 2004. Scientific evaluation of deterioration in historic huts of Ross Island, Antarctica. In: S. Barr and P. Chaplin (Eds.), Polar Monuments and Sites: Cutural Heritage in the Arctic and Antarctica Regions. ICOMOS Monuments and Sites Number VIII. Available from the International Polar Heritage Committee

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Blanchette, R.A., 2003. Deterioration in Historic and Archaeological Woods from Terrestrial Sites. In: Koestler, R.J., Koestler, V.R., Charola, A.E., and Nieto-Fernandez, F.E., (Eds.), Art, Biology, and Conservation: Biodeterioration of Works of Art. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 328-347. PDF reprint

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19990117

Ending_Date: 20120129

Currentness_Reference:Unknown

Status:

Progress: In Work

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: 162.5333

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 169.4

North_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.3

South_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.8472

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: 162.32

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 169.24

North_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.18

South_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.5

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: 166.1952

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 169.1888

North_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.6375

South_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.8541

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD SCIENCE PARAMETERS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD PLATFORM

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD INSTRUMENT

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: PROJECT

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ANCILLARY KEYWORDS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO TOPIC CATEGORY

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: DATA SET LANGUAGE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS > CONTAMINANT LEVELS/SPILLS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > INFRASTRUCTURE > BUILDINGS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS > CONSERVATION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > SOILS > MICROFLORA

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > BACTERIA/ARCHAEA

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > FUNGI

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > FUNGI > SLIME MOLDS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS > EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATION

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS > INDIGENOUS/NATIVE SPECIES

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS

Theme_Keyword: FIELD SURVEYS

Theme_Keyword: FIELD INVESTIGATION

Theme_Keyword: GPS > GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

Theme_Keyword: ERB-SCANNER

Theme_Keyword: WAS > WHOLE AIR SAMPLER

Theme_Keyword: LGP > LATITUDINAL GRADIENT PROJECT

Theme_Keyword: EBA > EVOLUTION AND BIODIVERSITY IN THE ANTARCTIC

Theme_Keyword: Historic Huts

Theme_Keyword: Bacteria

Theme_Keyword: Fungi

Theme_Keyword: Biodiversity

Theme_Keyword: Human Exploration

Theme_Keyword: Ezymatic Decay

Theme_Keyword: Hut Point

Theme_Keyword: Cape Royds

Theme_Keyword: Cape Evans

Theme_Keyword: Heroic Period

Theme_Keyword: Microbial Biology

Theme_Keyword: BIOTA

Theme_Keyword: ENVIRONMENT

Theme_Keyword: STRUCTURE

Theme_Keyword: ENGLISH

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > OBSERVATION HILL

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > CAPE ADARE

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > CAPE CROZIER

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > CAPE EVANS

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > CAPE GEOLOGY

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > CAPE ROYDS

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > HUT POINT

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Access_Constraints: Culture at the University of Waikato are used for research purposes and are also linked with Zygem Pharmaceuticals for research and are therefore not publically available. Please contact the investigator for more information.

Use_Constraints:

Not Available

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: ROBERTA L FARRELL

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Department of Biological Sciences

Address: The University of Waikato

Address: Private Bag 3105

City: Hamilton

Postal_Code: 3105

Country: New Zealand

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +64 7 838 4704

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +64 7 838 4976

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: r.farrell@waikato.ac.nz

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Collected specimens and isolate samples are all held at the University of Waikato Antarctic Fungal Collection, PC2 facility as frozen glycerols at -80C. There are approximately 2,700 isolates. Approx 1,350 specimen were transferred to ZyGEM Corp Ltd, Culture Collection. Personal notebooks are held by the investigator. Physical samples of wood are held at the University of Minnesota and University of Waikato. Please contact the investigator for further information.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Not Available

Completeness_Report:

Not Available

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Not Available

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: NZ/NZAI/ANZ > Antarctica New Zealand, New Zealand Antarctic Institute, New Zealand

Contact_Person: SHULAMIT GORDON

Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Antarctica New Zealand

Address: Private Bag 4745

City: Christchurch

Country: New Zealand

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +64 3 358 0200

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +64 3 358 0211

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: s.gordon@antarcticanz.govt.nz

Resource_Description: K021_1998_2012_NZ_1

Distribution_Liability:

Not Available

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: Not Available

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.antarcticanz.govt.nz/

Access_Instructions:

DATA CENTER URL

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.bioprospector.org/bioprospector/antarct...

Access_Instructions:

Fungi cultures were sent to Zygem Pharmaceuticals for research. The ANTARCTIC BIOPROSPECTOR website provides details of research and commercialised products arising from biological samples that were sourced from the Antarctic region. This record ID number is 79. Alternatively use the Quick Search Function and enter Antarctic culture collection, Organisation Name = Zygem and Government = New Zealand

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/public/adt-uow20070501.17...

Access_Instructions:

Shona Duncan's PhD thesis

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://bio.waikato.ac.nz/staff/farrell/

Access_Instructions:

Investigators profile: Please contact the investigator for further information on the University of Waikato Antarctic Fungal Collection

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://forestpathology.cfans.umn.edu/antarctica.ht...

Access_Instructions:

University of Minnesota's project homepage. These are joint collaborators with the University of Waikato Publications (pdf) are available on this website.

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.heritage-antarctica.org/AHT/Fungi/

Access_Instructions:

Antarctic Heritage Trust related information on historic huts fungi

Fees: Not Available

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20040601

Metadata_Review_Date: 20120608

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: CEISHA POIROT

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: SHULAMIT GORDON

Contact_Position: DIF AUTHOR

Contact_Position: DIF AUTHOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Antarctica New Zealand

Address: Private Bag 4745

City: Christchurch

Country: New Zealand

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Antarctica New Zealand

Address: Private Bag 4745

City: Christchurch

Country: New Zealand

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +64 3 358 0200

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +64 3 358 0200

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +64 3 358 0211

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +64 3 358 0211

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: c.poirot@antarcticanz.govt.nz

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: s.gordon@antarcticanz.govt.nz

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time