The effects of UVB on growth and productivity and photoadaptations of bottom ice algae at Cape Evans, McMurdo Sound

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Metadata:

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Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Unknown

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title: The effects of UVB on growth and productivity and photoadaptations of bottom ice algae at Cape Evans, McMurdo Sound

Description:

Abstract:

Sea ice hosts a large community of algae which is released into the food chain when the ice melts. The sea ice algae grow rapidly in the Antarctic spring at a time that coincides with the ozone hole and when sea ice is most transparent to UVB. They are a good organism to study for the analysis of the effects of UVB on the Southern Ocean food chain. The changes in photosynthetic rate and the effects of UVB on the growth of sea ice algae was investigated at Cape Evans over several seasons by altering the UVB flux over four areas of sea ice providing plots of different UV treatment: 1) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) only, 2) PAR + UVA, 3) PAR + UVA + UVB, and 4) PAR + UVA + enhanced UVB; in the second season, this plot was a control and was therefore ambient PAR + UVA + UVB. A light fitting with 6 UVB fluorescent tubes was set in a shallow trough cut in the ice to provide additional UVB radiance above ambient for plot 3 in season two as well. Samples from the bottom 100mm of ice cores were taken over two weeks, melted and analysed for changes in photosynthetic pigments, mycosporine like amino acids, total cell numbers, species composition and carbon, nitorgen and phosphorous content. A PUV500 submersible multichannel radiometer was used to measure UVB and visible radiation both above and beneath the ice. Oxygen microelectrodes were deployed under the ice. A CTD probe (conductivity, temperature and depth) was sent to the bottom of the bay (c. 35m) at 1pm each day. The probe records a profile of these physical parameters and also records chlorophyll levels of the phytoplankton in the water. Photosynthetic rates in situ were measured using PAM fluorescence techniques. It was used on small samples in the laboratory and was also deployed remotely under the ice. By taking measurements from early morning to midday, the adaptations the algae photosynthetic system made to the increasing radiation (photoacclimation) was observed and then as intensity passed through the maximum at solar noon, the delay in algal response to changing light intensity was measured.

Purpose:

Not Available

Supplemental_Information:

REFERENCE: Ryan, K.G. Hegseth, E.N. Martin, A. Davy, S.K. O’Toole, R. Ralph, P.J. McMinn, A. Thorn, C.J. 2006 Comparison of the microalgal community within fast ice at two sites along the Ross Sea coast, Antarctica. Antarctic science 18(4): 583-594 doi: 10.1017/S0954102006000629 Ryan, K.G., Ralph, P., and McMinn, A. 2004. Acclimation of Antarctic bottom-ice algal communities to lowered salinities during melting. Polar Biol. 27: 679-686. McMinn, A. Ryan, K. Gademann, R. 2003 Diurnal changes in photosynthesis of Antarctic fast ice algal communities determined by pulse amplitude modulation flurometry. Marine biology 143: 359-367 Trenerry, L.J. 2003. Microsensor studies of sea ice algal primary production. MSc thesis, Institute of Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studies, University of Tasmania, Australia. Ryan, K.G. McMinn, A. Mitchell, K.A. Trenerry, L. 2002. Mycosporine-like amino acids in Antarctic sea ice algae, and their response to UVB radiation. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung 57(c): 471-477. Trenerry, L.J. McMinn, A. Ryan, K.G. 2002. In situ oxygen microelectrode measurements of bottom ice algal production in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Polar biology 25: 72-80. Trenerry, L.J. McMinn, A. Ryan, K.G. 2002. In situ oxygen microelectrode measurements of bottom ice algal production in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. in: Ecological studies in the Antarctic sea ice zone: results of EASIZ midterm symposium.Arntz W. Clarke A.(eds) Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag. pp.185-193

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19991025

Ending_Date: 19991115

Currentness_Reference:Unknown

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20011011

Ending_Date: 20011109

Currentness_Reference:Unknown

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: 166.3833

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 166.3833

North_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.6833

South_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.6833

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: 166.75

East_Bounding_Coordinate: 166.75

North_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.85

South_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.85

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD SCIENCE PARAMETERS

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD PLATFORM

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: PROJECT

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO TOPIC CATEGORY

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: DATA SET LANGUAGE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE > WATER QUALITY/WATER CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > BACTERIA/ARCHAEA

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > PLANTS > MICROALGAE

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > PLANKTON > PHYTOPLANKTON

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE HABITAT

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > COMMUNITY DYNAMICS > BIODIVERSITY FUNCTIONS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS > PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS > PRIMARY PRODUCTION

Theme_Keyword: LABORATORY

Theme_Keyword: FIELD INVESTIGATION

Theme_Keyword: LGP > LATITUDINAL GRADIENT PROJECT

Theme_Keyword: EBA > EVOLUTION AND BIODIVERSITY IN THE ANTARCTIC

Theme_Keyword: BIOTA

Theme_Keyword: OCEANS

Theme_Keyword: ENGLISH

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > ROSS ISLAND

Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > CAPE EVANS

Place_Keyword: GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Access_Constraints: Not Available

Use_Constraints:

Not Available

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: KEN RYAN

Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Victoria University of Wellington

Address: School of Biological Sciences

Address: PO BOX 600

City: Wellington

Postal_Code: 6140

Country: New Zealand

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +64 4 463 6083

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +64 4 463 5331

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ken.ryan@vuw.ac.nz

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Existing samples are held at Victoria University of Wellington with a spreadsheet of sample numbers. All raw data is held by the investigators. Please contact Dr Ken Ryan for more information.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Not Available

Completeness_Report:

Not Available

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Not Available

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: NZ/NZAI/ANZ > Antarctica New Zealand, New Zealand Antarctic Institute, New Zealand

Contact_Person: SHULAMIT GORDON

Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Antarctica New Zealand

Address: Private Bag 4745

City: Christchurch

Country: New Zealand

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +64 3 358 0200

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +64 3 358 0211

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: s.gordon@antarcticanz.govt.nz

Resource_Description: K136_1999_2002_NZ_1

Distribution_Liability:

Not Available

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: Not Available

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.antarcticanz.govt.nz/

Access_Instructions:

DATA CENTER URL

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

www.lgp.aq/

Access_Instructions:

LGP Project Homepage

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

http://www.victoria.ac.nz/sbs/staff/staff_research...

Access_Instructions:

Investigators research page

Fees: Not Available

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20050922

Metadata_Review_Date: 20090316

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: SHULAMIT GORDON

Contact_Position: DIF AUTHOR

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Antarctica New Zealand

Address: Private Bag 4745

City: Christchurch

Country: New Zealand

Contact_Voice_Telephone: +64 3 358 0200

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +64 3 358 0211

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: s.gordon@antarcticanz.govt.nz

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time