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Rock glaciers Gruben, Muragl and Murtel, Switzerland: Area-wide flow fields

Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Unknown
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: Rock glaciers Gruben, Muragl and Murtel, Switzerland: Area-wide flow fields
Description:
Abstract:
Besides their thermal and mechanical properties, rock glaciers are essentially defined by their kinematics. Knowledge of the permafrost flow field provides important information about the origin, morphology, development, dynamics and internal structure of creeping mountain permafrost. Monitoring permafrost behavior helps detecting climate signals. Aerial photogrammetry was used for determining digital terrain models (DTM) with high resolution. The differences of multitemporal DTMs of a rock glacier provide the vertical changes of the permafrost surface. Horizontal surface displacements were obtained by simultaneously comparing two aerial photographs taken at different times and from different positions (Kaeaeb 1996a,b; Kaeaeb et al.1998). Repeated overridings by the nearby glacier affected the upper part of the Gruben rock glacier, Wallis. Compared to the lower, periglacial part of the rock glacier the higher surface lowering rates of the debris-covered dead ice remains indicate the dead ice being out of equilibrium. Due to different internal structure and different slopes, horizontal surface velocities show different creep directions as well as different creep rates. The rock glacier advances by about 12 cm/a. A 25-year time series of photogrammetrical monitoring (1970-1995) documents the temporal variations of surface kinematics of the rock glacier (Kaeaeb et al. 1998a). Surface kinematics of Muragl rock glacier (Upper Engadin) over the period from 1981 to 1994 reveal this rock glacier to be a complex system of several individual streams. Changes in elevation show a pattern of zones of surface heave and subsidence in the range of +- 10 cm/a. The rock glacier advances by about 5 cm/a (Kaeaeb 1998). The velocity field 1987-1996 at the surface of Murtel rock glacier, Upper Engadin, points to two dynamically different parts of the creeping permafrost-- (1) high activity and transverse ridges in the inner part and (2) lower activity at the left and right margins. The ridges are advected down stream with a velocity approximately equal to the surface velocity. Stream lines can be interpolated from the surface velocity field. The curvature of the isochrones on Murtel rock glacier is similar to the curvature of the transverse ridges, which suggests slow changes in the flow field (Kaeaeb 1998, Kaeaeb et al. 1998b). These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998.
Purpose:
Not Available
Supplemental_Information:
Not Available
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 19700101
Ending_Date: 19941231
Currentness_Reference:Unknown
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: 7.964
East_Bounding_Coordinate: 9.933
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.506
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.169
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD SCIENCE PARAMETERS
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ANCILLARY KEYWORDS
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO TOPIC CATEGORY
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > FROZEN GROUND > PERMAFROST > MOUNTAIN PERMAFROST
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > FROZEN GROUND > ROCK GLACIERS
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > FROZEN GROUND > PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > FROZEN GROUND > PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > FROZEN GROUND > PERMAFROST > MOUNTAIN PERMAFROST
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > FROZEN GROUND > ROCK GLACIERS
Theme_Keyword: Permafrost Properties
Theme_Keyword: Remote Sensing
Theme_Keyword: Rock Glaciers
Theme_Keyword: Slope Processes
Theme_Keyword: GEOSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION
Theme_Keyword: INLAND WATERS
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD
Place_Keyword: CONTINENT > EUROPE > WESTERN EUROPE > SWITZERLAND > SAAS VALLEY, VALAIS ALPS; UPPER ENGADINE, SWITZERLAND
Access_Constraints: Not Available
Use_Constraints:
Not Available
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: ANDREAS KAEAEB
Contact_Position: INVESTIGATOR
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
Address: University of Zurich-Irchel
Address: Department of Geography, Physical Geography Division
Address: Winterthurerstr. 190
City: Zurich
Postal_Code: CH-8057
Country: Switzerland
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 41 1 6355146
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 41 1 635 6848
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kaeaeb@geo.unizh.ch
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Not Available
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Not Available
Completeness_Report:
Not Available
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Not Available
Process_Date: Unknown
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: NSIDC > National Snow and Ice Data Center
Contact_Person: NSIDC USER SERVICES
Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
Address: National Snow and Ice Data Center
Address: CIRES, 449 UCB
Address: University of Colorado
City: Boulder
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: +1 (303) 492-6199
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +1 (303) 492-2468
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nsidc@nsidc.org
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: WDC/GLACIOLOGY, BOULDER > World Data Center for Glaciology, Boulder
Contact_Person: NSIDC USER SERVICES
Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
Address: National Snow and Ice Data Center
Address: CIRES, 449 UCB
Address: University of Colorado
City: Boulder
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: +1 (303) 492-6199
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +1 (303) 492-2468
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nsidc@nsidc.org
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: NSIDC_FGDC > Frozen Ground Data Center
Contact_Person: NSIDC FGDC USER SERVICES
Contact_Position: DATA CENTER CONTACT
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
Address: National Snow and Ice Data Center
Address: CIRES, 449 UCB
Address: University of Colorado
City: Boulder
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: +1 (303) 492-6199
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +1 (303) 492-2468
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nsidc@nsidc.org
Resource_Description: ggd293
Distribution_Liability:
Not Available
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: Not Available
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name:
http://nsidc.org
Access_Instructions:
DATA CENTER URL
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name:
http://nsidc.org/wdc/
Access_Instructions:
DATA CENTER URL
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name:
http://nsidc.org/fgdc/
Access_Instructions:
DATA CENTER URL
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Fees: Not Available
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date:
Metadata_Review_Date: 20101228
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: GCMD User Support Office
Contact_Organization: NASA Global Change Master Directory
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
Address: Not Available
City: Lanham
State_or_Province: MD
Postal_Code: 20706
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: Not Available
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gcmduso@gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
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