Global Change Master Directory gsfc-gcmduso@mail.nasa.gov 50 2013-05-24T11:57:58Z GCMD Search: [Parameters: Topic='TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE', Term='WATER QUALITY/WATER CHEMISTRY', Variable_Level_1='TRACE METALS'] http://mddemo.gsfc.nasa.gov/KeywordSearch/OpenSearch.do 106 0 http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NAWQAHIS GIS Coverage for the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Retrospective Database for Nutrients in Surface Water: Monitoring Locations -127.88,22.87,-65.35,48.25 2013-04-22T04:00:00Z The retrospective database is a compilation of historical water-quality and ancillary data collected before NAWQA Study Units initiated sampling in 1993. This coverage contains the point locations ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]SOE_NORWAY State of the Environment - Norway 2004 0.0,50.0,30.0,80.0 1966-01-01T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2013-01-24T05:00:00Z State of the Environment Norway ("http://www.environment.no/" provides the latest information about the state and development of the environment. The service presents environmental topics ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_Africa European Diatom Database-African Dataset 2.32,-1.72,41.7,13.32 1960-01-01T00:00:00Z 1986-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_caspian European Diatom Database-Caspian Saline Lake Dataset 45.75,45.87,47.53,47.63 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z 1996-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_africae European Diatom Database-East African Dataset 2.32,-9.5,41.7,13.32 1960-01-01T00:00:00Z 1986-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_Finland European Diatom Database-Finnish Dataset 20.67,66.92,29.27,69.87 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z 1996-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_kola European Diatom Database-Kola Peninsula pH Dataset 28.4,67.32,36.4,69.13 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z 1995-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_african European Diatom Database-North African Dataset -6.5,31.0,10.5,37.07 1975-01-01T00:00:00Z 1986-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_Bergen European Diatom Database-Norwegian Dataset 5.38,58.3,10.65,61.4 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z 1990-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_alps European Diatom Database-Spanish Mountain Lake Dataset 0.85,42.45,1.72,42.8 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_spain European Diatom Database-Spanish Saline Lake Dataset -6.08,36.5,-1.27,39.5 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z 1993-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_swap European Diatom Database-Surface Waters Acidification Programme -5.65,52.18,17.53,64.8 1979-01-01T00:00:00Z 1987-01-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_alpu European Diatom Database-UCL Mountain Lake Dataset -7.62,37.03,37.67,79.67 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z 1993-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_wales European Diatom Database-Welsh TP Dataset -4.32,51.97,-3.83,53.27 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]WRIR_99_4107 Selected Elements and Organic Chemicals in Bed Sediment and Fish Tissue of the Tualatin River Basin, Oregon, 1992-96. -123.33,45.33,-122.66,45.83 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z Selected Elements and Organic Chemicals in Bed Sediment and Fish Tissue of the Tualatin River Basin, Oregon, 1992-96.Denny Road). Concentrations of total chlordane, dieldrin, and p,p'-DDE in sediment ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]WRIR_98_4113 Surface-Water-Quality Assessment of the Yakima River Basin, Washington -122.0,45.0,-119.0,48.0 1986-01-01T00:00:00Z 1991-11-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-21T05:00:00Z Surface-water-quality conditions were assessed in the Yakima River Basin, which drains 6,155 square miles of mostly forested, range, and agricultural land in Washington. The Yakima River Basin is ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_sweden European Diatom Database-Swedish Dataset 15.92,63.67,23.63,67.73 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z 1990-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-12-20T05:00:00Z The European Diatom Database (EDDI) is a web-based information system designed to enhance the application of diatom analysis to problems of surface water acidification, eutrophication and climate ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]WRIR_98_4205 Arsenic in Ground Water of the Willamette Basin, Oregon -123.5,43.5,-121.9,46.0 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-12T05:00:00Z The spatial distribution of arsenic concentrations in ground water of the Willamette Basin was assessed by analyzing data from 728 historical and project sites. Concentrations of arsenic ranged from ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]WRIR_99_4196 Inorganic Chemistry of Water and Bed Sediment in Selected Tributaries of the South Umpqua River, Oregon, 1998 -122.83,42.66,-122.5,43.33 1998-08-01T00:00:00Z 1998-09-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-12T05:00:00Z Ten sites on small South Umpqua River tributaries were sampled for inorganic constituents in water and streambed sediment. In aqueous samples, high concentrations (concentrations exceeding U.S. Environmental ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]WIR_98_4105 Major-Ion, Nutrient, and Trace-Element Concentrations in the Steamboat Creek Basin -122.7,42.3,-122.5,43.6 1996-09-09T00:00:00Z 1996-09-13T00:00:00Z 2012-12-12T05:00:00Z In September 1996, a water-quality study was done by the U.S. Geological Survey, in coordination with the U.S. Forest Service, in headwater streams of Steamboat Creek, a tributary to the North Umpqua ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]wa_de_riverandstreamwaterqual River and Stream Water Quality Monitoring in Washington State -125.15,45.15,-116.53,49.39 1959-01-01T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-12-12T05:00:00Z The Washington State Department of Ecology has conducted monthly water quality monitoring at hundreds of stream stations throughout the state since before 1959. Currently, the Stream Monitoring Unit ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]WRIR_99_4036 WRIR 99-4036-Ground-Water and Water-Chemistry Data for the Willamette Basin, Oregon -123.5,43.5,-121.9,46.0 1996-08-01T00:00:00Z 1998-04-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-12T05:00:00Z This report presents ground-water data collected and compiled as part of a study of the ground-water resources of the Willamette River Basin, Oregon. The report includes tabulated information and ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]WRIR_98_4125 Water Quality and Algal Conditions in the North Umpqua River Basin, Oregon, 1992-1995 -123.4,43.0,-122.0,43.5 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z 2012-12-12T05:00:00Z This data came from a synoptic water-quality and algal investigation during July 1995 at 36 stream sites in a 1,350 square-mile area of the North Umpqua River Basin, Oregon. The study area includes ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]HEED_UNH Major Marine Ecological Disturbances, Morbidity, Mortality and Disease of Marine Wildlife Species Human Health and Economic Impacts -102.0,-4.0,-28.0,56.0 1995-11-10T00:00:00Z 1999-06-06T00:00:00Z 2012-11-08T05:00:00Z The HEED (Health, Ecological and Economic Dimensions of) Global Change Program, a 3-year effort funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office of Global Programs ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[AADC]AAS1300_PW_FIELDTRIALIX Field trial of WTP ion-exchange columns using Amberlite IRC748 during the Thala Valley clean-up 110.0,-66.0,110.0,-66.0 2003-10-01T00:00:00Z 2004-03-31T00:00:00Z 2012-11-05T05:00:00Z Ion-exchange columns were used in the WTP (water treatment plant) for water treatment during the clean-up of the Thala Valley tip - data collected during the operation were used as a field trial to ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]EPA0136 Records of Decision System (RODS) -125.0,23.0,-65.0,50.0 2012-10-17T04:00:00Z "Records of Decision System (RODS)" was developed to track site clean-ups under the Superfund program and to justify the type of treatment chosen at each site. Additionally, RODS stores information ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]EPA0169 Resource Conservation and Recovery Information System (RCRIS) -125.0,23.0,-65.0,50.0 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-10-17T04:00:00Z The "Resource Conservation and Recovery Information System (RCRIS)" database has been compiled by state and federal environmental agencies under the direction of the U.S. Environmental Protection ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]EPA0164 Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) -125.0,23.0,-65.0,50.0 1987-01-01T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-10-17T04:00:00Z "The Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)" database contains data on annual estimated releases of over 300 toxic chemicals to air, water and land by the manufacturing industry. TRI's main purpose is to encourage ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]USGS_SOFIA_ACME_DB Aquatic Cycling of Mercury in the Everglades Project Database -80.1,25.0,-81.6,27.6 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z 2008-09-01T00:00:00Z 2012-07-25T04:00:00Z Between 1995 and 2008, the Aquatic Mercury Cycling in the Everglades (ACME) project examined in detail the biogeochemical parameters that influence methylmercury (MeHg) production in the Florida Everglades. ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NURE Reformatted Data from the National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance (HSSR) Program -180.0,24.0,-60.0,72.0 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z 1980-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-04-23T04:00:00Z From 1974 to 1980, the Federal Government systematically evaluated the uranium resources of the conterminous United States and Alaska. Earth science research in the National Uranium Resource Evaluation ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[AADC]DAVIS_STP_Chemistry Chemistry data from the Environmental Impact Assessment of the Davis Sewage Outfall 77.85883,-68.65507,78.08167,-68.51921 2009-11-01T00:00:00Z 2010-03-31T00:00:00Z 2012-04-12T04:00:00Z Untreated, macerated wastewater effluent has been discharged to the sea at Davis Station since 2005, when the old wastewater treatment infrastructure was removed. This environmental assessment was ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[AADC]AAS1300_PW_COLUMNSIX Column breakthrough ion-exchange experiments for Amberlite IRC748 (WTP for Thala Valley clean-up) 110.0,-66.0,110.0,-66.0 2004-04-01T00:00:00Z 2004-12-20T00:00:00Z 2012-01-09T05:00:00Z A series of ion-exchange column breakthrough experiments were undertaken with laboratory solutions spiked with heavy metals to investigate the removal of these metals by Amberlite IRC748 at variable ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[AADC]ASAC_2348 Exopolysaccharides from Antarctic bacteria 70.0,-67.0,145.0,-60.0 2003-07-01T00:00:00Z 2004-06-30T00:00:00Z 2011-12-16T05:00:00Z Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is complex sugar made by many microbes in the Antarctic marine environment. This project seeks to understand the ecological role of microbial EPS in the Southern Ocean, where ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]CBP_PNAQWA Water-Quality Assessment of the Potomac River Basin: Water-Quality and Selected Spatial Data, 1992-1996 -79.0,38.0,-77.0,40.0 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z 1996-12-31T00:00:00Z 2011-11-22T05:00:00Z The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) implemented the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program to describe the status and trends in the quality of the Nation's surface water and ground water ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]uk_nc_eddi_ph European Diatom Database-Combined pH dataset -180.0,-90.0,180.0,90.0 1979-01-01T00:00:00Z 1996-12-31T00:00:00Z 2011-04-08T04:00:00Z This is a composite dataset derived from the following original datasets: Dataset Id Name N ALPI Italian mountain lake dataset 31 ALPS Spanish mountain lake dataset 28 ALPU ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]USGS_OFR_2010_1241 Water Quality in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska, Water Years 2006-2008 -152.0,53.0,-132.0,68.0 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z 2008-12-31T00:00:00Z 2010-11-23T05:00:00Z The Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council and the U.S. Geological Survey developed a water-quality monitoring program to address a shared interest in the water quality of the Yukon River and ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K081_2005_2006_NZ_2 Sampling based chemical and biogeochemical stratification profiles of melt water ponds at Bratina Island, McMurdo Ice Shelf 165.3333,-78.0,165.3333,-78.0 2005-12-19T00:00:00Z 2005-12-28T00:00:00Z 2007-01-16T00:00:00Z 2007-01-29T00:00:00Z 2010-02-23T05:00:00Z A comprehensive suite of geochemical samples and measurements from a selection of meltwater ponds at Bratina Island was collected in the 2005/06 and 2006/07 seasons. The purpose was to help identify ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]CNDP-ESP_GEOANT-UAM_Freshwater Data on freshwater and hydrochemistry in the Antarctic Peninsula region. -86.3,-78.7,-44.3,-60.5 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z 2008-02-20T00:00:00Z 2009-09-23T04:00:00Z In English: Surface freshwater, snow and groundwater studies in the Antarctic Peninsula region and Ellsworth Mountains. Hydrochemical data. From projects of the research group on Geology of the University ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[AADC]AAS1300_PW_BATCHIX Batch ion-exchange experiments for Amberlite IRC748 (WTP for Thala Valley clean-up) 110.0,-66.0,110.0,-66.0 2003-04-01T00:00:00Z 2003-08-30T00:00:00Z 2009-08-14T04:00:00Z A series of ion-exchange batch equilibrium experiments were undertaken with laboratory solutions spiked with heavy metals to investigate the removal of these metals by Amberlite IRC748 at variable ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]FIMR_seawater_cd_conc_1996 Cadmuim concentrations in Weddell Sea water in 1996 -36.3895,-74.017,17.441,-35.4468 1996-01-15T00:00:00Z 1996-02-28T00:00:00Z 2009-06-02T04:00:00Z Dissolved cadmium concentrations were measured in the sea water along a transect from South Atlantic to the Weddell Sea (to the continental shelf). Cadmium concentrations within ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NYC_NYharborwaterquality New York Harbor Water Quality Surveys -80.16,40.11,-71.46,45.41 1909-01-01T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2009-06-02T04:00:00Z This dataset provides annual surveys of water quality. The harbor survey monitors the quality of harbor waters and identifies the impacts of the city's pollution control programs ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]JGOFS_EQPAC_TRACE_METALS Dissolved and Particulate Trace Metals Measured during the JGOFS Equatorial Pacific Process Study -140.0,-17.0,-140.0,12.0 1992-03-19T00:00:00Z 1992-10-21T00:00:00Z 2009-05-13T04:00:00Z The Equatorial Pacific Process Study (EQPAC) was conducted along 140 deg W longitude during 1992. Four cruises took place: February 3 - March 9, March 19 - April ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K091_1989_1990_NZ_1 Chemical and nutrient analysis of meltwaters in the Victoria Valley and Bull Pass 161.9333,-77.3833,161.9333,-77.3833 1990-01-04T00:00:00Z 1990-01-28T00:00:00Z 2009-03-27T04:00:00Z Baseline chemistry data for ponds and lakes in the Victoria Valley/Bull Pass region was collected in January 1990. Water samples were taken from Upper Victoria Glacier drainage, Lake Victoria, Lake ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K094_1995_1997_NZ_1 Predicting contaminant impacts at Lake Vanda, Antarctica 161.6666,-77.5166,161.6666,-77.5166 1995-11-27T00:00:00Z 1997-01-11T00:00:00Z 2009-03-27T04:00:00Z Samples of water, phytoplankton, sediment, soil and bacterial mat were sampled from Lake Vanda and the old Vanda station site, in order to determine the fate of trace metal contaminants and their ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K093_1987_1988_NZ_1 Trace element distribution and speciation in Lake Vanda, Wright Valley, Antarctica 161.6666,-77.5166,161.6666,-77.5166 1987-11-02T00:00:00Z 1987-12-08T00:00:00Z 2009-03-27T04:00:00Z In Nov/Dec 1987, waters were sampled from Lake Vanda, Don Juan Pond, and the Onyx River (Wright Valley) to provide information on major ion and trace element chemistry and behaviour under the range ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[CANADA-CGDI]Canada_SERM_Esquadat Esquadat - Water Quality Database, Saskatchewan, Canada -110.0,49.0,-101.36,60.0 2009-03-16T04:00:00Z The ESQUADAT system is a Saskatchewan Environment (SE) corporate water quality database. ESQUADAT is a centralized database system with province-wide access. The ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K105_1992_1994_NZ_1 Analysis of water and soil samples for pollutants (trace metals, major anions, mercury) to determine the nature and extent of contamination in meltwaters in the Ross Dependency 166.4178,-77.6361,166.4178,-77.6361166.1656,-77.5556,166.1656,-77.5556163.75,-77.4333,163.75,-77.4333161.8333,-77.1666,161.8333,-77.1666166.75,-77.85,166.75,-77.85161.6833,-77.5627,161.6833,-77.5627 1992-12-18T00:00:00Z 1993-01-07T00:00:00Z 1994-01-06T00:00:00Z 1994-01-21T00:00:00Z 2009-02-27T05:00:00Z A set of baseline data for the composition of meltwaters in the Ross Dependency, with particular concentrations on the levels of ultra trace heavy metals in waters remote from significant or current ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K105_1993_1994_NZ_1 Heavy metal analysis of soil samples from pits excavated around Scott Base 166.75,-77.85,166.75,-77.85 1994-01-06T00:00:00Z 1994-01-21T00:00:00Z 2009-02-27T05:00:00Z Comparison of soils from Scott Base (site with human activity) with baseline data taken from pristine sites around the Ross Dependency (without human activity) found elevated levels of most heavy ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K105_1993_1994_NZ_2 Salt, nutrient and other contaminant analysis of soil samples taken near the old Vanda Station 161.6833,-77.5627,161.6833,-77.5627 1994-01-06T00:00:00Z 1994-01-21T00:00:00Z 2009-02-27T05:00:00Z Water and soil samples from Vanda Station were found to have contamination by apparently anthropogenically derived components (such as heavy metals) and these contaminants are moving in the soils ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]K105_1997_1998_NZ_1 Soil and salt samples and geological observations from high altitude sites in the Upper Taylor Valley to determine the history of the Antarctic environment through the composition of salts in soils 160.5818,-77.7473,160.5818,-77.7473161.0673,-77.8368,161.0673,-77.8368161.0818,-77.8435,161.0818,-77.8435161.0628,-77.924,161.0628,-77.924 1998-01-04T00:00:00Z 1998-01-12T00:00:00Z 2009-02-27T05:00:00Z To understand the processes of Antarctic soils as they affect the composition and distributions of salts and ice in and below the soils, the salts in very old soils and paleosols were investigated. ...